FORM 6 - K
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Report of Foreign Private Issuer
Pursuant to Rule 13a - 16 or 15d - 16 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
As of 2/20/2018
Ternium S.A.
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
Ternium S.A.
29
Avenue de la Porte-Neuve – 3rd floor
L-2227 Luxembourg
(352) 2668-3152
(Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or 40-F.
Form 20-F Ö Form 40-F
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12G3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes No Ö
If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):
Not applicable
The attached material is being furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 13a-16 and Form 6-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
This report contains Ternium S.A.’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
TERNIUM S.A.
By: /s/ Pablo Brizzio By: /s/ Daniel Novegil
Name: Pablo Brizzio Name: Daniel Novegil
Title: Chief Financial Officer Title: Chief Executive Officer
Dated: February 20, 2018
TERNIUM S.A. Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended on December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
29 Avenue de la Porte-Neuve, 3rd floor L – 2227 R.C.S. Luxembourg: B 98 668 |
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INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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Page | |
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| |
Consolidated Income Statements for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
2 | |
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
3 | |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 |
4 | |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
5 | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
8 | |
Index to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
9 | |
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Page 1 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
|
|
Consolidated Income Statements
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
Notes |
2017 |
2016 |
2015 | |||||
|
||||||||
Net sales |
5 |
9,700,296 |
7,223,975 |
7,877,449 | ||||
Cost of sales |
6 |
(7,403,025) |
(5,384,390) |
(6,477,272) | ||||
Gross profit |
2,297,271 |
1,839,585 |
1,400,177 | |||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
7 |
(824,247) |
(687,942) |
(770,292) | ||||
Other operating income (expenses), net |
9 |
(16,240) |
(9,925) |
9,454 | ||||
Operating income |
1,456,784 |
1,141,718 |
639,339 | |||||
Finance expense |
10 |
(114,583) |
(89,971) |
(89,489) | ||||
Finance income |
10 |
19,408 |
14,129 |
7,981 | ||||
Other financial income (expenses), net |
10 |
(69,915) |
37,957 |
(17,922) | ||||
Equity in earnings (losses) of non-consolidated companies |
3 & 14 |
68,115 |
14,624 |
(272,810) | ||||
Profit before income tax expense |
1,359,809 |
1,118,457 |
267,099 | |||||
Income tax expense |
11 |
(336,882) |
(411,528) |
(207,320) | ||||
Profit (Loss) for the year |
1,022,927 |
706,929 |
59,779 | |||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||
Owners of the parent |
886,219 |
595,644 |
8,127 | |||||
Non-controlling interest |
136,708 |
111,285 |
51,652 | |||||
Profit (Loss) for the year |
1,022,927 |
706,929 |
59,779 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding |
1,963,076,776 |
1,963,076,776 |
1,963,076,776 | |||||
Basic and diluted (losses) earnings per share for profit attributable to the owners of the parent (expressed in USD per share) |
0.45 |
0.30 |
0.00 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 2 of 81
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TERNIUM S.A. |
| ||||
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
| ||||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Year ended December 31, | ||||||
2017 |
2016 |
2015 | ||||
Profit (Loss) for the year |
1,022,927 |
706,929 |
59,779 | |||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: |
||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
(95,462) |
(141,665) |
(409,767) | |||
Currency translation adjustment from participation in non-consolidated companies |
(8,931) |
53,858 |
(230,774) | |||
Changes in the fair value of derivatives classified as cash flow hedges and available-for-sale financial instruments |
735 |
641 |
1,277 | |||
Income tax relating to cash flow hedges and available-for-sale financial instruments |
(107) |
(192) |
(371) | |||
Other comprehensive income items |
(96) |
(1,542) |
- | |||
Other comprehensive income items from participation in non-consolidated companies |
191 |
1,054 |
973 | |||
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: |
||||||
Remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations |
(15,068) |
(14,735) |
5,277 | |||
Income tax relating to remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations |
4,916 |
2,571 |
(1,946) | |||
Remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations from participation in non-consolidated companies |
3,954 |
(15,817) |
(5,113) | |||
Other comprehensive loss for the year, net of tax |
(109,868) |
(115,827) |
(640,444) | |||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year |
913,059 |
591,102 |
(580,665) | |||
Attributable to: |
||||||
Owners of the parent |
815,434 |
534,827 |
(457,750) | |||
Non-controlling interest |
97,625 |
56,275 |
(122,915) | |||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year |
913,059 |
591,102 |
(580,665) | |||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 3 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
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Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
Balances as of | ||||||||||
Notes |
|
December 31, 2017 |
December 31, 2016 | |||||||
ASSETS |
|
|||||||||
Non-current assets |
|
|||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
12 |
|
5,349,753 |
4,135,977 |
||||||
Intangible assets, net |
13 |
|
1,092,579 |
842,557 |
||||||
Investments in non-consolidated companies |
14 |
|
478,348 |
418,379 |
||||||
Other investments |
18 |
|
3,380 |
5,998 |
||||||
Deferred tax assets |
20 |
121,092 |
85,795 |
|||||||
Receivables, net |
15 |
677,299 |
132,580 |
|||||||
Trade receivables, net |
16 |
|
4,832 |
7,727,283 |
1,270 |
5,622,556 | ||||
Current assets |
||||||||||
Receivables, net |
15 |
362,173 |
79,820 |
|||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
22 |
2,304 |
316 |
|||||||
Inventories, net |
17 |
2,550,930 |
1,647,869 |
|||||||
Trade receivables, net |
16 |
1,006,598 |
633,745 |
|||||||
Other investments |
18 |
132,736 |
144,853 |
|||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
18 |
337,779 |
4,392,520 |
183,463 |
2,690,066 | |||||
Non-current assets classified as held for sale |
2,763 |
10,248 | ||||||||
4,395,283 |
2,700,314 | |||||||||
Total Assets |
12,122,566 |
8,322,870 | ||||||||
EQUITY |
||||||||||
Capital and reserves attributable to the owners of the parent |
5,010,424 |
4,391,298 | ||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
842,347 |
775,295 | ||||||||
Total Equity |
5,852,771 |
5,166,593 | ||||||||
LIABILITIES |
||||||||||
Non-current liabilities |
||||||||||
Provisions |
19 |
768,517 |
6,950 |
|||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
20 |
513,357 |
609,004 |
|||||||
Other liabilities |
21 |
373,046 |
302,784 |
|||||||
Trade payables |
2,259 |
9,305 |
||||||||
Finance lease liabilities |
23 |
69,005 |
- |
|||||||
Borrowings |
24 |
1,716,337 |
3,442,521 |
396,742 |
1,324,785 | |||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||||
Current income tax liabilities |
52,940 |
178,112 |
||||||||
Other liabilities |
21 |
357,001 |
228,081 |
|||||||
Trade payables |
897,732 |
603,119 |
||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
22 |
6,001 |
287 |
|||||||
Finance lease liabilities |
23 |
8,030 |
- |
|||||||
Borrowings |
24 |
1,505,570 |
2,827,274 |
821,893 |
1,831,492 | |||||
Total Liabilities |
6,269,795 |
3,156,277 | ||||||||
Total Equity and Liabilities |
12,122,566 |
8,322,870 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 4 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
Attributable to the owners of the parent (1) |
|||||||||||||
Capital stock (2) |
Treasury shares |
Initial public offering expenses |
Reserves (3) |
Capital stock issue discount(4) |
Currency translation adjustment |
Retained earnings |
Total |
Non-controlling interest |
Total Equity | ||||
Balance as of January 1, 2017 |
2.004.743 |
(150.000) |
(23.295) |
1.420.171 |
(2.324.866) |
(2.336.929) |
5.801.474 |
4.391.298 |
775.295 |
5.166.593 | |||
Profit for the year |
886.219 |
886.219 |
136.708 |
1.022.927 | |||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
|||||||||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
(66.735) |
(66.735) |
(37.658) |
(104.393) | |||||||||
Remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations |
(4.642) |
(4.642) |
(1.556) |
(6.198) | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges and others, net of tax |
504 |
504 |
124 |
628 | |||||||||
Others |
88 |
88 |
7 |
95 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year |
- |
- |
- |
(4.050) |
- |
(66.735) |
886.219 |
815.434 |
97.625 |
913.059 | |||
Dividends paid in cash (5) |
(196.308) |
(196.308) |
- |
(196.308) | |||||||||
Dividends paid in cash to non-controlling interest (6) |
- |
(30.573) |
(30.573) | ||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2017 |
2.004.743 |
(150.000) |
(23.295) |
1.416.121 |
(2.324.866) |
(2.403.664) |
6.491.385 |
5.010.424 |
842.347 |
5.852.771 |
(1) Shareholders’ equity determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Luxembourg is disclosed in Note 25 (iii).
(2) The Company has an authorized share capital of a single class of 3.5 billion shares having a nominal value of USD 1.00 per share. As of December 31, 2017, there were 2,004,743,442 shares issued. All issued shares are fully paid. Also, as of December 31, 2017, the Company held 41,666,666 shares as treasury shares.
(3) Include mainly legal reserve under Luxembourg law for USD 200.5 million, undistributable reserves under Luxembourg law for USD 1.4 billion, hedge accounting reserve, net of tax effect, for USD 0.6 million and reserves related to the acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiaries for USD (88.5) million.
(4) Represents the difference between book value of non-monetary contributions received from shareholders under Luxembourg GAAP and IFRS.
(5) Represents USD 0.10 per share (USD 1.00 per ADS). Related to the dividends distributed on May 3, 2017, and as 41,666,666 shares are held as treasury shares by Ternium, the dividends attributable to these treasury shares amounting to USD 4.2 million were included in equity as less dividend paid.
(6) Corresponds to the dividends paid by Ternium Argentina S.A. (formerly Siderar S.A.I.C.).
Dividends may be paid by Ternium to the extent distributable retained earnings calculated in accordance with Luxembourg law and regulations exist. Therefore, retained earnings included in these consolidated financial statements may not be wholly distributable. See Note 25 (iii). The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 5 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
Attributable to the owners of the parent (1) |
|||||||||||||
Capital stock (2) |
Treasury shares |
Initial public offering expenses |
Reserves (3) |
Capital stock issue discount(4) |
Currency translation adjustment |
Retained earnings |
Total |
Non-controlling interest |
Total Equity | ||||
Balance as of January 1, 2016 |
2,004,743 |
(150,000) |
(23,295) |
1,444,394 |
(2,324,866) |
(2,300,335) |
5,382,507 |
4,033,148 |
769,849 |
4,802,997 | |||
Profit for the year |
595,644 |
595,644 |
111,285 |
706,929 | |||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
|||||||||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
(36,594) |
(36,594) |
(51,213) |
(87,807) | |||||||||
Remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations |
(25,749) |
(25,749) |
(2,232) |
(27,981) | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges and others, net of tax |
229 |
229 |
220 |
449 | |||||||||
Others |
1,297 |
1,297 |
(1,785) |
(488) | |||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year |
- |
- |
- |
(24,223) |
- |
(36,594) |
595,644 |
534,827 |
56,275 |
591,102 | |||
Dividends paid in cash (5) |
(176,677) |
(176,677) |
- |
(176,677) | |||||||||
Dividends paid in cash to non-controlling interest (6) |
- |
(50,829) |
(50,829) | ||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2016 |
2,004,743 |
(150,000) |
(23,295) |
1,420,171 |
(2,324,866) |
(2,336,929) |
5,801,474 |
4,391,298 |
775,295 |
5,166,593 |
(1) Shareholders’ equity is determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Luxembourg.
(2) The Company has an authorized share capital of a single class of 3.5 billion shares having a nominal value of USD 1.00 per share. As of December 31, 2016, there were 2,004,743,442 shares issued. All issued shares are fully paid. Also, as of December 31, 2016, the Company held 41,666,666 shares as treasury shares.
(3) Include mainly legal reserve under Luxembourg law for USD 200.5 million, undistributable reserves under Luxembourg law for USD 1.4 billion, hedge accounting reserve, net of tax effect, for USD 0.1 million and reserves related to the acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiaries for USD (88.5) million.
(4) Represents the difference between book value of non-monetary contributions received from shareholders under Luxembourg GAAP and IFRS.
(5) Represents USD 0.090 per share (USD 0.90 per ADS). Related to the dividends distributed on May 4, 2016, and as 41,666,666 shares are held as treasury shares by Ternium, the dividends attributable to these treasury shares amounting to USD 3.7 million were included in equity as less dividend paid.
(6) Corresponds to the dividends paid by Ternium Argentina S.A. (formerly Siderar S.A.I.C.).
Dividends may be paid by Ternium to the extent distributable retained earnings calculated in accordance with Luxembourg law and regulations exist. Therefore, retained earnings included in these consolidated financial statements may not be wholly distributable. See Note 25 (iii). The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 6 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
Attributable to the owners of the parent (1) |
|||||||||||||
Capital stock (2) |
Treasury shares |
Initial public offering expenses |
Reserves (3) |
Capital stock issue discount (4) |
Currency translation adjustment |
Retained earnings |
Total |
Non-controlling interest |
Total Equity | ||||
Balance as of January 1, 2015 |
2,004,743 |
(150,000) |
(23,295) |
1,475,619 |
(2,324,866) |
(1,836,057) |
5,551,057 |
4,697,201 |
937,502 |
5,634,703 | |||
Profit for the year |
8,127 |
8,127 |
51,652 |
59,779 | |||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year |
|||||||||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
(464,278) |
(464,278) |
(176,263) |
(640,541) | |||||||||
Remeasurement of post employment benefit obligations |
(3,218) |
(3,218) |
1,436 |
(1,782) | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges, net of tax |
714 |
714 |
192 |
906 | |||||||||
Others |
905 |
905 |
68 |
973 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive loss for the year |
- |
- |
- |
(1,599) |
- |
(464,278) |
8,127 |
(457,750) |
(122,915) |
(580,665) | |||
Dividends paid in cash (5) |
(176,677) |
(176,677) |
- |
(176,677) | |||||||||
Dividends paid in cash to non-controlling interest (6) |
- |
(32,743) |
(32,743) | ||||||||||
Contributions from non-controlling shareholders in consolidated subsidiaries (7) |
- |
30,870 |
30,870 | ||||||||||
Sale of participation in subsidiary companies (8) |
- |
1,509 |
1,509 | ||||||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interest (9) |
29,626 |
(29,626) |
(44,374) |
(74,000) | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2015 |
2,004,743 |
(150,000) |
(23,295) |
1,444,394 |
(2,324,866) |
(2,300,335) |
5,382,507 |
4,033,148 |
769,849 |
4,802,997 |
(1) Shareholders’ equity is determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Luxembourg.
(2) The Company has an authorized share capital of a single class of 3.5 billion shares having a nominal value of USD 1.00 per share. As of December 31, 2015, there were 2,004,743,442 shares issued. All issued shares are fully paid. Also, as of December 31, 2015, the Company held 41,666,666 shares as treasury shares.
(3) Include mainly legal reserve under Luxembourg law for USD 200.5 million, undistributable reserves under Luxembourg law for USD 1.4 billion, hedge accounting reserve, net of tax effect, for USD (0.4) million and reserves related to the acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiaries for USD (88.5) million.
(4) Represents the difference between book value of non-monetary contributions received from shareholders under Luxembourg GAAP and IFRS.
(5) Represents USD 0.090 per share (USD 0.90 per ADS). Related to the dividends distributed on May 6, 2015, and as 41,666,666 shares are held as treasury shares by Ternium, the dividends attributable to these treasury shares amounting to USD 3.7 million were included in equity as less dividend paid.
(6) Corresponds to the dividends paid by Ternium Argentina S.A. (formerly Siderar S.A.I.C.).
(7) Corresponds to the contribution made by Nippon Steel Corporation in connection with its participation in Tenigal, S.R.L. de C.V..
(8) Corresponds to the sale of the participation in Ferrasa Panamá S.A. See note 2.b.
(9) Corresponds to the acquisition on the non-controlling interest in Ternium Colombia S.A.S. (formerly Ferrasa S.A.S.) See note 2.b.
Dividends may be paid by Ternium to the extent distributable retained earnings calculated in accordance with Luxembourg law and regulations exist. Therefore, retained earnings included in these consolidated financial statements may not be wholly distributable. See Note 25 (iii). The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 7 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (All amounts in USD thousands) |
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
Notes |
2017 |
2016 |
2015 | |||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
Profit (Loss) for the year |
1,022,927 |
706,929 |
59,779 | |||||
Adjustments for: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
12 & 13 |
474,299 |
406,890 |
433,788 | ||||
Income tax accruals less payments |
27 (b) |
(273,443) |
182,332 |
(23,932) | ||||
Equity in (earnings) losses of non-consolidated companies |
3 & 14 |
(68,115) |
(14,624) |
272,810 | ||||
Interest accruals less payments |
27 (b) |
19,484 |
12,699 |
5,496 | ||||
Results on the sale of participation in subsidiary companies |
2 (b) |
- |
- |
1,739 | ||||
Changes in provisions |
19 |
2,783 |
1,678 |
3,180 | ||||
Changes in working capital (1) |
27 (b) |
(864,970) |
(162,373) |
509,144 | ||||
Net foreign exchange results and others |
70,894 |
(33,936) |
61,487 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
383,859 |
1,099,595 |
1,323,491 | |||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
Capital expenditures |
12 & 13 |
(409,402) |
(435,460) |
(466,643) | ||||
Loans to non-consolidated companies |
14 |
(23,904) |
(92,496) |
(10,416) | ||||
Decrease (Increase) in other investments |
18 |
14,986 |
86,340 |
(85,946) | ||||
Acquisition of business |
||||||||
Purchase consideration |
3 |
(1,890,989) |
- |
- | ||||
Cash acquired |
3 |
278,162 |
- |
- | ||||
Investment in non-consolidated companies |
3 & 14 |
- |
(114,449) |
(9,600) | ||||
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment |
1,124 |
1,212 |
1,217 | |||||
Dividends received from non-consolidated companies |
65 |
183 |
- | |||||
Sale of participation in subsidiary company, net of cash disposed |
2 (b) |
- |
- |
(673) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(2,029,958) |
(554,670) |
(572,061) | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
Dividends paid in cash to company’s shareholders |
(196,308) |
(176,677) |
(176,677) | |||||
Dividends paid in cash to non-controlling interests |
(30,573) |
(50,829) |
(32,743) | |||||
Finance Lease payments |
(4,157) |
- |
- | |||||
Contributions from non-controlling shareholders in consolidated subsidiaries |
- |
- |
30,870 | |||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interest |
2 (b) |
- |
- |
(74,000) | ||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
3,239,121 |
910,577 |
822,663 | |||||
Repayments of borrowings |
(1,205,827) |
(1,191,770) |
(1,379,747) | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
1,802,256 |
(508,699) |
(809,634) | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
156,157 |
36,226 |
(58,204) | |||||
Movement in cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||
At January 1, |
183,463 |
151,491 |
213,303 | |||||
Effect of exchange rate changes |
(1,841) |
(4,254) |
(3,608) | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
156,157 |
36,226 |
(58,204) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, (2) |
337,779 |
183,463 |
151,491 | |||||
Non-cash transactions: |
||||||||
Acquisition of PP&E under lease contract agreeements |
77,035 |
- |
- |
(1) The working capital is impacted by non-cash movement of USD (70.0) million as of December 31, 2017 (USD (73.8) million and USD (210.6) million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively) due to the variations in the exchange rates used by subsidiaries with functional currencies different from the US dollar.
(2) It includes restricted cash of USD 50, USD 83 and USD 88 as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In addition , the Company had other investments with a maturity of more than three months for USD 135,864, USD 150,851 and USD 237,191 as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 8 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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INDEX TO THE NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Page | |
1 |
General information |
10 |
2 |
Basis of presentation |
11 |
3 |
Acquisition of business |
14 |
4 |
Accounting policies |
20 |
5 |
Segment information |
40 |
6 |
Cost of sales |
43 |
7 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
44 |
8 |
Labor costs (included in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses) |
44 |
9 |
Other operating income (expenses), net |
45 |
10 |
Other financial income (expenses), net |
45 |
11 |
Income tax expense |
46 |
12 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |
47 |
13 |
Intangible assets, net |
48 |
14 |
Investments in non-consolidated companies |
49 |
15 |
Receivables, net - non-current and current |
51 |
16 |
Trade receivables, net – non-current and current |
52 |
17 |
Inventories, net |
52 |
18 |
Cash, cash equivalents and other investments |
53 |
19 |
Allowances and provisions – non-current and current |
53 |
20 |
Deferred income tax |
54 |
21 |
Other liabilities – non-current and current |
56 |
22 |
Derivative financial instruments |
58 |
23 |
Finance leases |
60 |
24 |
Borrowings |
61 |
25 |
Contingencies, commitments and restrictions on the distribution of profits |
63 |
26 |
Related party transactions |
68 |
27 |
Other required disclosures |
70 |
28 |
Recently issued accounting pronouncements |
71 |
29 |
Financial risk management |
73 |
30 |
Subsequent events - Agreement Regarding Governance Of Usiminas |
80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 9 of 85
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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|
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
Ternium S.A. (the “Company” or “Ternium”), was incorporated on December 22, 2003 to hold investments in flat and long steel manufacturing and distributing companies. The Company has an authorized share capital of a single class of 3.5 billion shares having a nominal value of USD 1.00 per share. As of December 31, 2017, there were 2,004,743,442 shares issued. All issued shares are fully paid.
Following a corporate reorganization carried out during fiscal year 2005, in January 2006 the Company successfully completed its registration process with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Ternium’s ADSs began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TX” on February 1, 2006. The Company’s initial public offering was settled on February 6, 2006.
The Company was initially established as a public limited liability company (société anonyme) under Luxembourg’s 1929 holding company regime. Until termination of such regime on December 31, 2010, holding companies incorporated under the 1929 regime (including the Company) were exempt from Luxembourg corporate and withholding tax over dividends distributed to shareholders.
On January 1, 2011, the Company became an ordinary public limited liability company (société anonyme) and, effective as from that date, the Company is subject to all applicable Luxembourg taxes (including, among others, corporate income tax on its worldwide income) and its dividend distributions will generally be subject to Luxembourg withholding tax. However, dividends received by the Company from subsidiaries in high income tax jurisdictions, as defined under Luxembourg law, will continue to be exempt from corporate income tax in Luxembourg under Luxembourg’s participation exemption.
As part of the Company’s corporate reorganization in connection with the termination of Luxembourg’s 1929 holding company regime, on December 6, 2010, the Company contributed its equity holdings in all its subsidiaries and all its financial assets to its Luxembourg wholly-owned subsidiary Ternium Investments S.à.r.l., or Ternium Investments, in exchange for newly issued corporate units of Ternium Investments. As the assets contributed were recorded at their historical carrying amount in accordance with Luxembourg GAAP, the Company’s December 2010 contribution of such assets to Ternium Investments resulted in a non-taxable revaluation of the accounting value of the Company’s assets under Luxembourg GAAP. The amount of the December 2010 revaluation was equal to the difference between the historical carrying amounts of the assets contributed and the value at which such assets were contributed and amounted to USD 4.0 billion. However, for the purpose of these consolidated financial statements, the assets contributed by Ternium to its wholly-owned subsidiary Ternium Investments were recorded based on their historical carrying amounts in accordance with IFRS, with no impact on the financial statements.
Page 10 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
|
|
|
1. GENERAL INFORMATION (continued)
Following the completion of the corporate reorganization, and upon its conversion into an ordinary Luxembourg holding company, the Company voluntarily recorded a special reserve exclusively for tax-basis purposes. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, this special tax reserve amounted to USD 6.9 billion and USD 7.0 billion, respectively. The Company expects that, as a result of its corporate reorganization, its current overall tax burden will not increase, as all or substantially all of its dividend income will come from high income tax jurisdictions. In addition, the Company expects that dividend distributions for the foreseeable future will be imputed to the special reserve and therefore should be exempt from Luxembourg withholding tax under current Luxembourg law.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
a) Basis of presentation
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) issued and effective or issued and early adopted as at the time of preparing these statements (February 2018), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“EU”). These consolidated financial statements are presented in thousands of United States dollars (“USD”), except otherwise indicated.
These Consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated equity and consolidated financial situation of Ternium as of December 31, 2017, and the consolidated results of its operations, the Changes in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Changes in Consolidated Net Equity and the Consolidated Cash Flows of Ternium for the year then ended.
Elimination of all material intercompany transactions and balances between the Company and their respective subsidiaries has been made in consolidation.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of available-for-sale financial assets, and financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.
Certain comparative amounts have been reclassified to conform to changes in presentation in the current year. These reclassifications do not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
These consolidated financial statements have been approved for issue by the Board of Directors on February 20, 2018.
Detailed below are the companies whose financial statements have been consolidated and accounted for interest in these consolidated financial statements.
Page 11 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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|
|
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (continued)
Company |
Country of Organization |
Main activity |
Percentage of ownership | |||||||
2017 |
2016 |
2015 | ||||||||
Ternium S.A. |
Luxembourg |
Holding |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Investments S.à.r.l. |
Luxembourg |
Holding |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Solutions A.G. (1) |
Switzerland |
Services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Participaçoes S.A. (formerly Ternium Brasil S.A.) (1) |
Brazil |
Holding |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Investments Switzerland AG (1) |
Switzerland |
Holding |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. (1) |
Spain |
Marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium USA Inc. (1) |
USA |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Argentina S.A. (formerly Siderar S.A.I.C.) (2) |
Argentina |
Manufacturing and selling of flat steel products |
60.94% |
60.94% |
60.94% | |||||
Impeco S.A. (3) |
Argentina |
Manufacturing of pipe products |
60.97% |
60.97% |
60.97% | |||||
Prosid Investments S.A. (4) |
Uruguay |
Holding |
60.94% |
60.94% |
60.94% | |||||
Ternium Mexico S.A. de C.V. (5) |
Mexico |
Holding |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Hylsa S.A. de C.V. (6) |
Mexico |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Las Encinas S.A. de C.V. (6) |
Mexico |
Exploration, exploitation and pelletizing of iron ore |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Ferropak Comercial S.A. de C.V. (6) |
Mexico |
Scrap services company |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Galvamet America Corp (6) |
USA |
Manufacturing and selling of insulated panel products |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Transamerica E. & I. Trading Corp. (6) |
USA |
Scrap services company |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Técnica Industrial S.A. de C.V. (6) |
Mexico |
Services |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Acedor, S.A. de C.V. (6) |
Mexico |
Holding |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Galvacer America Inc (7) |
USA |
Distributing company |
- |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Ternium Gas México S.A. de C.V. (8) |
Mexico |
Energy services company |
88.78% |
88.78% |
88.72% | |||||
Ternium Internacional Guatemala S.A. (9) |
Guatemala |
Selling of steel products |
99.98% |
99.98% |
99.98% | |||||
Consorcio Minero Benito Juarez Peña Colorada S.A.de C.V. (10) |
Mexico |
Exploration, exploitation and pelletizing of iron ore |
44.39% |
44.39% |
44.36% | |||||
Peña Colorada Servicios S.A. de C.V. (10) |
Mexico |
Services |
44.39% |
44.39% |
44.36% | |||||
Exiros B.V. (10) |
Netherlands |
Procurement and trading services |
50.00% |
50.00% |
50.00% | |||||
Servicios Integrales Nova de Monterrey S.A. de C.V. (11) |
Mexico |
Medical and Social Services |
66.14% |
66.14% |
66.09% | |||||
Ternium Internacional Nicaragua S.A. |
Nicaragua |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
99.38% |
99.38% |
99.38% | |||||
Ternium Internacional Honduras S.A. de C.V. |
Honduras |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
99.18% |
99.18% |
99.18% | |||||
Ternium Internacional El Salvador S.A. de C.V. |
El Salvador |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
99.92% |
99.92% |
99.91% | |||||
Ternium Internacional Costa Rica S.A. |
Costa Rica |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
99.98% |
99.98% |
99.98% | |||||
Ternium Colombia S.A.S. (formerly Ferrasa S.A.S.) (12) |
Colombia |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium del Cauca S.A.S. (formerly Perfilamos del Cauca S.A.S.) (12) |
Colombia |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Siderúrgica de Caldas S.A.S. (formerly Siderúrgica de Caldas S.A.S.) (12) |
Colombia |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Tenigal S. de R.L. de C.V. (13) |
Mexico |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
51.00% |
51.00% |
51.00% | |||||
Ternium Internacional S.A. (14) |
Uruguay |
Holding and marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
Page 12 of 81
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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|
|
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (continued)
Company |
Country of Organization |
Main activity |
Percentage of ownership | |||||||
2017 |
2016 |
2015 | ||||||||
Ternium Treasury Services S.A. (14) |
Uruguay |
Financial Services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Internationaal B.V. (15) |
Netherlands |
Marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium International Inc. (15) |
Panama |
Marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Procurement S.A. (16) |
Uruguay |
Procurement services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Technology & Engineering Services S.A. (16) |
Uruguay |
Engineering and other services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium International USA Corporation (17) |
USA |
Marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Internacional de Colombia S.A.S. (18) |
Colombia |
Marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Ingeniería y Servicios de México S.A. de C.V. |
Mexico |
Engineering and other services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Soluciones Integrales de Gestión S.A. (19) |
Argentina |
Other services |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% | |||||
Procesadora de Materiales Industriales S.A. (20) |
Colombia |
Scrap services company |
- |
- |
100.00% | |||||
Ferropak Servicios S.A. de C.V. (21) |
Mexico |
Services |
- |
- |
88.72% | |||||
Corporativo Grupo Imsa S.A. de C.V. (21) |
Mexico |
Services |
- |
- |
88.72% | |||||
Ternium International Ecuador S.A. (22) |
Ecuador |
Marketing of steel products |
- |
- |
100.00% | |||||
Ternium Staal B.V. (23) |
Netherlands |
Holding and marketing of steel products |
100.00% |
- |
- | |||||
Ternium Brasil Ltda. (23) |
Brazil |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
- |
- | |||||
Ecosteel Gestao de Efuentes Industriais S.A. (23) |
Brazil |
Other services |
100.00% |
- |
- | |||||
Ecosteel Gestao de Águas Industriais S.A. (23) |
Brazil |
Other services |
100.00% |
- |
- | |||||
Ternium del Atlántico S.A.S (24) |
Colombia |
Manufacturing and selling of steel products |
100.00% |
- |
- |
(1) Indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à.r.l. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
(2) During the fourth quarter of 2017, Siderar S.A.I.C. changed its business name to Ternium Argentina S.A. Indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. Total voting rights held: 60.94%.
(3) Since the fourth quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A. and Soluciones Integrales S.A. Total voting rights held 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A. and Ternium Internacional S.A.
(4) Since the fourth quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A. and Ternium Procurement S.A. Total voting rights held 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A. and Ternium Internacional S.A.
(5) Since the fourth quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A. and Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. Total voting rights held 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Argentina S.A., Ternium Internacional S.A. and Ternium Internacional España S.L.U.
(6) Indirectly through Ternium Mexico S.A. de C.V. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
(7) This company dissolved as of December 11, 2017.
(8) Indirectly through Ternium Mexico S.A. de C.V. and Tenigal S. de R.L. de C.V. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
(9) Indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. Total voting rights held: 100%.
(10) Total voting rights held: 50.00%.
(11) Indirectly through Ternium Mexico S.A. de C.V. Total voting rights held: 74.50%.
(12) Indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U.. Total voting rights held: 100.00%. See note 2 (b).
(13) Indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U.. Total voting rights held: 51.00%.
(14) Indirectly through Ternium Investments Switzerland AG. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
(15) Since the third quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à r.l. Total voting rights held: 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Investments Switzerland AG.
(16) Since the third quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. Total voting rights held: 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Investments Switzerland AG.
(17) Since the fourth quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à r.l. Total voting rights held: 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Internacional S.A.
(18) Indirectly through Ternium Internacional S.A. Total voting rights held 100.00%.
(19) Since the third quarter of 2017, indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à r.l. and Ternium Internacional España S.L.U. Total voting rights held 100.00%. Before that, indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à r.l. and Technology and Engineering Services S.A.
(20) This company was dissolved as of December 6, 2016.
(21) Merged with Hylsa S.A. de C.V. during the fourth quarter of 2016.
(22) This company was dissolved as of September 27, 2016.
(23) Indirectly through Ternium Investments S.à r.l. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
(24) Indirectly through Ternium Internacional España S.L.U.. Total voting rights held: 100.00%.
Page 13 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
|
|
|
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
|
|
|
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (continued)
The most important non-controlling interest is related to the investment in Ternium Argentina S.A., which is a company listed in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. Ternium Argentina stated in its annual accounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, that revenues amounted to USD 2,301 million (2016: USD 1,892 million), net profit from continuing operations to USD 337 million (2016: USD 251 million), total assets to USD 2,820 million (2016: USD 2,415 million), total liabilities to USD 874 million (2016: USD 607 million) and shareholders’ equity to USD 1,945 million (2016: USD 1,807 million). All the information related to this investment could be found in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange webpage.
b) Acquisition of non-controlling interest in Ternium Colombia S.A.S. (formerly Ferrasa S.A.S.)
On January 20, 2015, Ternium entered into an agreement to acquire the remaining 46% interest in Ternium Colombia for a total consideration of USD 74.0 million. The Ternium Colombia transaction closed on April 7, 2015 and it was accounted for as an acquisition of non-controlling interest resulting in a decrease of equity attributable to the owners of the parent company amounting to USD 29.6 million. In addition, on January 20, 2015, Ternium sold its 54% interest in Ferrasa Panamá S.A. for a total consideration of USD 2.0 million, with no significant impact in these consolidated financial statements.
3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS
(a) CSA Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltda. (now Ternium Brasil Ltda.) and thyssenkrupp Slab International B.V. (now Ternium Staal B.V.)
(a) The acquisition
On September 7, 2017, Ternium completed the acquisition from thyssenkrupp AG (“tkAG”) of a 100% ownership interest in thyssenkrupp Slab International B.V. (“tkSI”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary CSA Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltda. (“CSA”), a steel slab producer with a steelmaking facility located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and having an annual production capacity of 5 million tons of high-end steel slabs, a deep-water harbor and a 490 MW combined cycle power plant. The acquisition is expected to substantially increase Ternium’s steelmaking capacity and strengthen its business in strategic industrial sectors across Latin America.
As part of the transaction, tkAG assigned to Ternium a slab commitment agreement providing for an arrangement relating to the purchase of CSA-manufactured carbon steel slabs under the terms of a slab frame supply agreement and related annual slab off-take agreements between tkSI and the entity that acquired thyssenkrupp’s former Calvert re-rolling facility in Alabama, United States of America. Such slab commitment agreement provided for a commitment by such entity to purchase from tkSI approximately 2.0 million tons of CSA-manufactured carbon steel slabs per year until September 30, 2019, at the price resulting from the pricing formula set forth therein. This slab commitment agreement was amended on December 20, 2017, spreading deliveries of the remaining slab volumes committed under such agreement through December 2020.
The purchase price paid by Ternium in the acquisition totaled approximately USD 1,891 million.
Ternium began consolidating the balance sheets and results of operations of tkSI and CSA as from September 7, 2017, and CSA changed its name to Ternium Brasil Ltda. and tkSI was renamed Ternium Staal B.V.
Page 14 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
|
|
|
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
|
|
|
3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS (continued)
The acquired business contributed revenues of USD 864 million and a net profit of USD 64 million to the Company for the period from September 7, 2017, to December 31, 2017. Had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2017, pro-forma revenue and net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017, would have been USD 2,398 million and USD 6 million, respectively. These amounts have been calculated using Ternium Staal B.V.’s consolidated results and adjusting them for the additional depreciation and amortization that would have been recovered assuming the fair value adjustments to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets had applied from January 1, 2017.
(b) Fair value of net assets acquired
The application of the purchase method requires certain estimates and assumptions especially concerning the determination of the fair values of the acquired intangible assets and property, plant and equipment as well as the liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition. The fair values determined at the acquisition date are based mainly on discounted cash flows and other valuation techniques.
The preliminary allocation of the fair values determined for the assets and liabilities arising from the acquisition is as follows:
Fair value of acquired assets and liabilities: |
USD | |
Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets |
|
1,573,946 |
Inventories |
|
400,047 |
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
278,162 |
Trade receivables |
|
63,710 |
Other receivables |
|
705,058 |
Deferred tax assets |
|
13,686 |
Provisions |
|
(799,938) |
Trade payables |
|
(219,604) |
Other assets and liabilities, net |
|
(124,078) |
Net assets acquired |
|
1,890,989 |
According to this preliminary purchase price allocation, no goodwill was recorded.
Ternium entered into several derivative contracts to partially hedge the currency volatility risk associated with the Euro-denominated transaction price. As of the date of the closing of the acquisition, the fair value of those contracts amounted to USD 75.9 million. Such value was deducted from the purchase consideration.
The preliminary purchase price allocation disclosed above is currently under analysis with the assistance of a third-party expert. Following IFRS 3, the Company will continue reviewing the allocation and make any necessary adjustments (mainly over Property, plant and equipment, Intangible assets and Provisions) during the twelve months following the acquisition date.
(c) Main contingencies associated with the acquired business
Contrary to the recognition principles in IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, IFRS 3 Business Combinations requires an acquirer of a business to recognize contingent liabilities assumed in a business acquisition at the acquisition date even if it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation.
Page 15 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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|
|
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
|
|
|
3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS (continued)
The main contingencies recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements pursuant to IFRS 3 Business Combinations in connection with the acquisition of tkSI and CSA include the following:
(i) Fishermen associations’ claims
Civil contingencies include lawsuits brought by a number of fishermen associations on behalf of their associates, alleging that the dredge of Ternium Brasil’s deep-water port has had a negative impact on fish farming and exploitation activities in the Sepetiba Bay area in Rio de Janeiro and that, as a result, fishermen in that area had suffered damages. A provision in the amount of USD 24.5 million was recorded at the acquisition date in connection with this matter (USD 23.4 million as of December 31, 2017).
(ii) Tax assessments relating to the use of certain ICMS tax credits
The Imposto Sobre Operações Relativas à Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços, or ICMS, is a Brazilian value-added tax on the services (inter-states) and the transfer of goods in Brazil. Payment of ICMS generates tax credits that, subject to applicable law, rules and regulations, may be either used to offset ICMS payment obligations generated in connection with domestic sales of products and services, or sold and transferred to third parties.
The Rio de Janeiro State Treasury Office is challenging the use by Ternium Brasil of ICMS tax credits generated in connection with purchases of refractory materials in the period from December 2010 through December 2015, and intends to assess taxes and impose fines on Ternium Brasil on the argument that such materials may not be qualified as “raw materials” or “intermediary products” but as “goods for consumption” and, accordingly, ICMS tax credits generated in connection with their purchase are not available and may not be used to offset ICMS payment obligations generated in connection with Ternium Brasil’s domestic sales of carbon steel slabs. Ternium Brasil has appealed against the Rio de Janeiro State Treasury Office tax assessments and fines. A provision in the amount of USD 57.7 million was recorded as of the acquisition date in connection with this matter (USD 54.9 million as of December 31, 2017).
(iii) ICMS deferral tax benefit - Unconstitutionality
Through State Law No. 4,529, of March 31, 2005, the State of Rio de Janeiro granted Ternium Brasil a tax incentive consisting of a deferment of ICMS payable by Ternium Brasil in connection with the construction and operation of the company’s Rio de Janeiro steelmaking complex. The incentive applies in respect of the acquisition of fixed assets and certain raw materials (i.e. iron ore, pellets, alloys, coke, coal and scrap) and significantly reduces input ICMS credit accumulation by Ternium Brasil. The tax incentive was granted for a period of 20 years from the commencement of the construction works for Ternium Brasil’s Rio de Janeiro steel complex.
In 2012, a Brazilian political party filed a direct action of unconstitutionality against the above-mentioned State Law before the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, predicated on the argument that, since the tax incentive granted pursuant to such State Law had not been approved by Brazil’s National Council of Fiscal Policy (Conselho Nacional de Política Fazendária, or CONFAZ), such State Law should be declared unconstitutional. As of the date of these consolidated financial statements, Brazil’s Federal Supreme Court has not yet ruled on the matter.
Page 16 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS (continued)
In August 2017, the Brazilian Congress enacted Supplementary Law No. 160/2017, instituting a mechanism through which the States may confirm any ICMS incentives they had granted in prior years without CONFAZ approval and, in furtherance of such Supplementary Law, in December 2017 the States adopted ICMS Convention 190/2017, establishing the applicable rules and deadlines for so confirming such ICMS incentives. As per the terms of ICMS Convention 190/2017, all States are required to publish in their official gazettes, on or before March 29, 2018, a list of the ICMS incentives that are to be confirmed pursuant to Supplementary Law No. 160, and then to file all relevant documents concerning such incentives with CONFAZ on or before June 29, 2018. The States may request the postponement of such deadlines, subject to CONFAZ’s approval.
As part of such confirmation process, in December 2017 the Rio de Janeiro State tax authorities requested Ternium Brasil to satisfy certain document and information requirements pertaining to its ICMS incentive and, in January 2018, Ternium Brasil filed all documents and information so requested. As of the date of these consolidated financial statements, the Rio de Janeiro State has not concluded its confirmation process and is therefore yet to publish the list of ICMS incentives that are to be confirmed pursuant to Supplementary Law No. 160.
The tax benefits accumulated under Ternium Brasil’s ICMS incentive as of the acquisition date amounted to approximately USD 1,089 million. In accordance with the guidance in IFRS 3, the Company recorded as of the acquisition date a provision of USD 651.8 million (including estimated penalties and interest) in connection with this matter, together with an asset of USD 325.9 million arising from its right to recover part of the contingency amount from Thyssenkrup Veerhaven B.V. (USD 620.1 million and USD 310.0 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2017). The calculation of this contingency is provisional and has been determined taking into consideration the probability of negative outcome for the Company, if any, on an estimated total risk of USD 1,630 million (including estimated penalties and interests).
(d) Acquisition financing
The acquisition was mainly financed through an unsecured 5-year syndicated facility in the principal amount of USD 1.5 billion granted to the Company’s subsidiary, Ternium Investments S.àr.l., by a syndicate of banks.
The facility will be repaid in eight consecutive and equal semi-annual installments, commencing on March 5, 2019, and has been guaranteed by the Company’s subsidiary, Ternium México, S.A. de C.V. The borrower and the guarantor are subject to certain covenants customary for transactions of this type, including limitations on liens and encumbrances, transactions with affiliates, consolidations and mergers and restrictions on investments. The guarantor is additionally subject to limitations on the sale of certain assets and compliance with a leverage ratio. There are no limitations to the payment of dividends applicable to the borrower or the guarantor, except, with respect to the borrower, upon an event of default under the facility. As of December 31, 2017, the borrower and the guarantor were in compliance with all of its covenants.
Page 17 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS (continued)
(b) Usinas Siderúrgicas de Minas Gerais S.A. – USIMINAS (2016)
On January 16, 2012, the Company’s wholly-owned Luxembourg subsidiary Ternium Investments S.à r.l. (“Ternium Investments”), together with the Company’s Argentine majority-owned subsidiary Ternium Argentina S.A. (“Ternium Argentina”), Ternium Argentina’s wholly-owned Uruguayan subsidiary Prosid Investments S.A. (“Prosid”), and Confab Industrial S.A., a Brazilian subsidiary of Tenaris S.A. (“TenarisConfab”), joined Usiminas’ existing control group through the acquisition of 84.7, 30.0, and 25.0 million ordinary shares, respectively. The rights and obligations of the control group members are governed by a shareholders’ agreement. As a result of these transactions, the control group, which holds ordinary shares representing the majority of Usiminas’ voting rights, is formed as follows: Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Group (“NSSMC”, formerly Nippon Group), with 46.1% of the voting rights within the control group; T/T Group (comprising TenarisConfab, Prosid, Ternium Argentina and Ternium Investments), with 43.3%; and Previdência Usiminas (Usiminas’ employee pension fund), with the remainder 10.6%.
On October 2, 2014, Ternium Investments entered into a purchase agreement with Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI for the acquisition of 51.4 million ordinary shares of Usiminas at a price of BRL 12 per share, for a total amount of BRL 616.7 million. On October 30, 2014, Ternium Investments completed the acquisition. These additional shares are not subject to the Usiminas shareholders agreement, but must be voted in accordance with the control group decisions.
Following discussions with the Staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company re-evaluated and revised the assumptions used to calculate the carrying value of the Usiminas investment at September 30, 2014 and, as a result, wrote down the carrying value of its investment in Usiminas by USD 739.8 million. As of September 30, 2014, the discount rate used to test the investment in Usiminas for impairment was 10.4%.
Usiminas’ financial statements as of December 31, 2015 described a downgraded economic scenario for the company that caused a significant impact on its financial leverage and cash generation. Consequently, Ternium, in a conservative approach, assessed the recoverable value of its investment in Usiminas based on Usiminas ordinary shares average market price for December 2015, and impaired its investment by USD 191.9 million.
On April 20, 2016, Ternium (through Ternium Investments, Ternium Argentina and Prosid) subscribed, in the aggregate, to 8.5 million preferred shares for a total subscription price of BRL 10.9 million (approximately USD 3.1 million). These preferred shares were issued on June 3, 2016.
Page 18 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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3. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS (continued)
On April 18, 2016, Usiminas’ extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting approved an issuance of 200 million ordinary shares for an aggregate amount of BRL 1 billion and Usiminas launched a multi-round subscription process. On July 19, 2016, following the completion of the subscription process, Usiminas’ extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting homologated the capital increase, and Ternium (through Ternium Investments, Ternium Argentina and Prosid) was issued, in the aggregate, 76.4 million ordinary shares for a total subscription price of BRL 382.2 million (approximately USD 110.9 million). Following the issuance of these ordinary shares, Ternium (through Ternium Investments, Ternium Argentina and Prosid) owns a total of 242.6 million ordinary shares and 8.5 million preferred shares, representing 20.5% of Usiminas’ capital, and the T/T Group owns 39.6% of Usiminas’ ordinary shares and 1.8% of Usiminas’ preferred shares. Ternium continues to hold 35.6% of Usiminas’ voting rights within the control group and has a participation in Usiminas’ results of 20.5%.
As of December 31, 2017, the closing price of the Usiminas ordinary and preferred shares, as quoted on the BM&F Bovespa Stock Exchange, was BRL 10,83 (approximately USD 3,27; 2016: BRL 8,26 – USD 2,53) per ordinary share and BRL 9,10 (approximately USD 2,75; 2016: BRL 4,10 – USD 1,26) per preferred share, respectively. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2017, Ternium’s ownership stake had a market value of approximately USD 817.6 million (2016: USD 625.5 million) and a carrying value of USD 466.3 million (2016: USD 411.1 million).
The Company reviews periodically the recoverability of its investment in Usiminas. To determine the recoverable value, the Company estimates the value in use of the investment by calculating the present value of the expected cash flows or its fair value less costs of disposal.
Usiminas financial restructuring process (that started in April 2016 with the capital increase) was completed by the end of August 2017. The completion of this process together with the increase in the share price since June 2016 and the improvement in business conditions may lead to an increase in the value of the investment in Usiminas in future periods.
Page 19 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES
These Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared following the same accounting policies used in the preparation of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.
The following is a summary of the principal accounting policies followed in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements:
(a) Group accounting
(1) Subsidiary companies and transactions with non-controlling interests
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Company has control. The Company controls an entity when the Company is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Company. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases.
The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting to account for business combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred and the equity interests issued by the Company. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at the fair values at the acquisition date. Indemnification assets are recognized at the same time that the Company recognizes the indemnified item and measures them on the same basis as the indemnified item, subject to the need for a valuation allowance for uncollectible amounts. The Company measures the value of a reacquired right recognized as an intangible asset on the basis of the remaining contractual term of the related contract regardless of whether market participants would consider potential contractual renewals in determining its fair value.
On an acquisition-by-acquisition basis, the Company recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the acquiree's net assets.
The excess of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the Company's share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If this is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognized directly in the income statement.
The measurement period is the earlier of the date that the acquirer receives the information that it is looking for or cannot obtain the information and one year after the acquisition date. Where the accounting for a business combination is not complete by the end of the reporting period in which the business combination occurred provisional amounts are reported.
The Company treats transactions with non-controlling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Company. For purchases from non-controlling interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.
Page 20 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
When the Company ceases to have control or significant influence, any retained interest in the entity is remeasured to its fair value, with the change in carrying amount recognized in profit or loss. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This may mean that amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss.
Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealized gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated. Unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the transferred asset. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the group. However, the fact that the functional currency of some subsidiaries is their respective local currency, generates some financial gains (losses) arising from intercompany transactions, that are included in the consolidated income statement under Other financial expenses, net.
(2) Investments in non-consolidated companies
Associated companies are those entities in which Ternium has significant influence, but which it does not control.
Joint arrangements are understood as combinations in which there are contractual agreements by virtue of which two or more companies hold an interest in companies that undertake operations or hold assets in such a way that any financial or operating decision is subject to the unanimous consent of the partners. A joint arrangement is classed as a joint operation if the parties hold rights to its assets and have obligations in respect of its liabilities or as a joint venture if the venturers hold rights only to the investee's net assets.
Investments in non-consolidated companies (associated companies and joint ventures) are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under this method, interests in joint ventures and associates are initially recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognize the Company’s share of the post-acquisition profits or losses in the income statement, and its share of post-acquisition changes in reserves recognized in reserves and in other comprehensive income in the income statement. Unrealized gains on transactions among the Company and its non-consolidated companies are eliminated to the extent of the Company’s interest in such non-consolidated companies; unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the transferred asset. When the Company’s share of losses in a non-consolidated company equals or exceeds its interest in such non-consolidated company, the Company does not recognize further losses unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of such non-consolidated company.
The Company’s investment in associates and joint ventures includes notional goodwill identified on acquisition.
The Company determines at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that the investment is impaired. If this is the case, the group calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the investment and its carrying value and recognizes the amount within “Equity on earnings (losses) of non-consolidated companies”.
Page 21 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOU NTING POLICIES (continued)
(b) Foreign currency translation
(1) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Company's subsidiaries and associated companies are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the "functional currency"). Except for the Argentine and the non-consolidated companies whose functional currencies are their local currencies, Ternium determined that the functional currency of its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Although Ternium is located in Luxembourg, it operates in several countries with different currencies. The USD is the currency that best reflects the economic substance of the underlying events and circumstances relevant to Ternium as a whole.
(2) Subsidiary companies
The results and financial position of all the group entities (none of which operates in a hyperinflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency, are translated into the presentation currency as follows:
(i) assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate of each statement of financial position;
(ii) income and expenses for each income statement are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions); and
(iii) all resulting translation differences are recognized within other comprehensive income.
In the case of a sale or other disposition of any such subsidiary, any accumulated translation differences would be recognized in the income statement as part of the gain or loss on sale.
(3) Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions or valuation where items are re-measured.
At the end of each reporting period: (i) monetary items denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated using the closing rates, (ii) non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a currency other than the functional currency are translated using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions; and (iii) non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a currency other than the functional currency are translated using the exchange rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.
Page 22 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded as gains and losses from foreign exchange and included in "Other financial income (expenses), net" in the consolidated income statement, except when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges and qualifying net investment hedges. Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets and liabilities such as equities held at fair value through profit or loss are recognized in profit or loss as part of the "fair value gain or loss," while translation differences on non-monetary financial assets such as equities classified as available for sale are included in the "available for sale reserve" in equity. Ternium had no such assets or liabilities for any of the periods presented.
(c) Financial instruments
Non derivative financial instruments
Non derivative financial instruments comprise investments in equity and debt securities, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables. Ternium non derivative financial instruments are classified into the following categories:
· Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss: comprises mainly cash and cash equivalents and investments in debt securities held for trading;
· Held-to-maturity instruments: measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less impairment losses. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, there are USD 6.1 million and USD 14.7 million classified under this category, respectively;
· Loans and receivables: measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less impairment losses;
· Available-for-sale ("AFS") financial assets: gains and losses arising from changes in fair value are recognized within other comprehensive income ("OCI") with the exception of impairment losses, interest calculated using the effective interest method and foreign exchange gains and losses on monetary assets, which are recognized directly in profit or loss. Where the investment is disposed of or is determined to be impaired, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is included in the income statement for the period. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, there are no AFS amounts classified under this category, respectively;
· Other financial liabilities: measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition.
Financial assets and liabilities are recognized and derecognized on the settlement date.
Financial assets are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs, except for those financial assets classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.
Financial liabilities, including borrowings, are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognized on an effective yield basis.
Page 23 of 81
TERNIUM S.A. |
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred only if there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a "loss event") and that loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated. The Company first assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists.
For loans and receivables category and for held-to-maturity investments, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset's original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated income statement.
If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the reversal of the previously recognized impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated income statement.
Derivative financial instruments
Information about accounting for derivative financial instruments and hedging activities is included in Note 29 "Financial Risk management" and Note 4 (y).
(d) Property, plant and equipment
Land and buildings comprise mainly factories and offices. All property, plant and equipment are recognized at historical acquisition or construction cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment (if applicable), except for land, which is carried at acquisition cost less accumulated impairment (if applicable). There are no material residual values for property, plant and equipment items.
Major overhaul and rebuilding expenditures are recognized as a separate asset when future economic benefits are expected from the item, and the cost can be measured reliably.
Ordinary maintenance expenses on manufacturing properties are recorded as cost of products sold in the period in which they are incurred.
Where a tangible fixed asset comprises major components having different useful lives, these components are accounted for as separate items. Spare parts are included in property, plant and equipment.
Leases where the lessor retains a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.
Page 24 of 81
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Depreciation method is reviewed at each year end. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to amortize the cost of each asset to its residual value over its estimated useful life as follows:
Land |
No depreciation |
Buildings and improvements |
10-50 years |
Production equipment |
5-40 years |
Vehicles, furniture and fixtures and other equipment |
3-20 years |
Property, plant and equipment used in mining activities are depreciated over its useful life or over the remaining life of the mine if shorter and there is no alternative use possible.
The assets' useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each year end. The re-estimation of assets useful lives by the Company did not materially affect depreciation charges in 2017, 2016 and 2015.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the corresponding carrying amounts and are included in the income statement.
If the carrying amount of an asset were greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it would be written down to its recoverable amount (see Note 4 (f) "Impairment").
Amortization charges are included in cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses.
(e) Intangible assets
(1) Information system projects
Generally, costs associated with developing or maintaining computer software programs are recognized as an expense as incurred. However, costs directly related to the acquisition and implementation of information systems are recognized as intangible assets if they have a probable economic benefit exceeding the cost beyond one year and comply with the recognition criteria of IAS 38.
Information system projects recognized as assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their useful lives, not exceeding a period of 3 years. Amortization charges are included in cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses.
(2) Mining assets
Mining assets include:
(a) Mining licenses acquired;
(b) Capitalized exploration and evaluation costs, reclassified from exploration and evaluation costs (see note 4 (e) 3); and
(c) Capitalized developmental stripping costs (see note 4 (u)).
Mining licenses were recognized as separate intangible assets upon the acquisition of the investment in Mexico and comprise the right to exploit the mines and are recognized at its fair value at acquisition date less accumulated amortization.
Page 25 of 81
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
These mining concessions were granted for a 50-year period; following the expiration of the initial concession term, the concessions are renewable for an additional 50-year term in accordance with, and subject to the procedures set forth in, applicable Mexican mining law.
Amortization charge is calculated by using the unit-of-production method, on the basis of actual mineral extracted in each period compared to the estimated mineral reserves, and is included in cost of sales. Any change in the estimation of reserves is accounted for prospectively. The resulting amortization rate for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, is approximately 7%, 7% and 10% per year, respectively.
(3) Exploration and evaluation costs
Exploration and evaluation activities involve the search for iron ore resources, the determination of technical feasibility and the assessment of commercial viability of an identified resource.
Exploration and evaluation costs are measured at cost. Costs directly associated with exploration and evaluation activities are capitalized as intangible assets until the determination of reserves is evaluated. The costs associated to the acquisition of machinery and equipment are recognized as property, plant and equipment. If it is determined that commercial discovery has been achieved, costs incurred are reclassified into Mining assets and amortization starts once production begins.
Exploration costs are tested for impairment when there are indicators that impairment exists. Indicators of impairment include, but are not limited to:
· Rights to explore in an area have expired or will expire in the near future without renewal;
· No further exploration and evaluation is planned or budgeted;
· A decision to discontinue exploration and evaluation in an area because of the absence of commercial reserves; and
· Sufficient data exists to indicate that the book value will not be fully recovered from future development and production.
When analyzing the existence of impairment indicators, the exploration and evaluation areas from the mining cash-generating units will be evaluated.
(4) Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair value of Ternium's participation in acquired companies' net assets at the acquisition date. Under IFRS 3, goodwill is considered to have an indefinite life and not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment testing.
Goodwill is allocated to Cash-generating units ("CGU") for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash-generating units expected to benefit from the business combination which generated the goodwill being tested. The impairment losses on goodwill cannot be reversed.
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the carrying amount of goodwill allocated to the Mexico CGUs was USD 662.3 million, of which USD 619.8 million corresponds to steel operations and USD 42.5 million to mining operations.
Page 26 of 81
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(5) Research and development
Research expenditures are recognized as expenses as incurred. Development costs are recorded as cost of sales in the income statement as incurred because they do not fulfill the criteria for capitalization. Research and development expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 totaled USD 9.8 million, USD 9.2 million and USD 6.2 million, respectively.
(6) Customer relationships acquired in a business combination
In accordance with IFRS 3 and IAS 38, Ternium has recognized the value of customer relationships separately from goodwill in connection with the acquisitions of Grupo Imsa and Ternium Colombia S.A.S. (formerly Ferrasa S.A.S.). These customer relationships were amortized using the straight-line method over a useful life of approximately 10 years. As of December 31, 2017, these assets are fully amortized.
In accordance with IFRS 3 and IAS 38, Ternium has recognized the value of customer relationships in connection with the acquisition of Ternium Staal B.V. The value of the slab commitment agreement by which Ternium Investments S.à r.l. is entitled to invoice, under certain conditions, the price difference between slabs and hot rolled coils will be amortized using the units of slabs sold method.
(7) Trademarks acquired in a business combination
In accordance with IFRS 3 and IAS 38, Ternium has recognized the value of trademarks separately from goodwill in connection with the acquisitions of Grupo Imsa and Ternium Colombia S.A.S. (formerly Ferrasa S.A.S.). As of December 31, 2017, these assets are fully amortized.
Trademarks are amortized using the straight-line method over a useful life of between 5 to 10 years.
(f) Impairment
Assets that have an indefinite useful life (including goodwill) are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Assets that are subject to amortization and investments in affiliates are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less cost to sell and the value in use.
To carry out these tests, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (each, a CGU). When evaluating long-lived assets for potential impairment, the Company estimates the recoverable amount based on the value in use of the corresponding CGU. The value in use of each CGU is determined on the basis of the present value of net future cash flows which will be generated by the assets tested.
Determining the present value of future cash flows involves highly sensitive estimates and assumptions specific to the nature of each CGU's activities, including estimates and assumptions relating to amount and timing of projected future cash flows, expected changes in market prices, expected changes in the demand of Ternium products and services, selected discount rate and selected tax rate.
Page 27 of 81
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Ternium uses cash flow projections for the next five years based on past performance and expectations of market development; thereafter, it uses a perpetuity rate. Application of the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to determine the value in use of a CGU begins with a forecast of all expected future net cash flows. Variables considered in forecasts include the gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates of the country under study and their correlation with steel demand, level of steel prices and estimated raw material costs as observed in industry reports.
Cash flows are discounted at rates that reflect specific country and currency risks associated with the cash flow projections. The discount rates used are based on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which is considered to be a good indicator of cost of capital. As of December 31, 2017 the discount rate used to test goodwill allocated to the Steel and Mining Mexico CGUs for impairment was 11.49% (as of December 31, 2016, 10.82%).
As a result of the above factors, actual cash flows and values could vary significantly from the forecasted future cash flows and related values derived using discounting techniques. Based on the information currently available, however, Ternium believes that it is not reasonably possible that the variation would cause the carrying amount to exceed the recoverable amount of the CGUs.
Except for the impairment in connection with the investment in Usiminas in 2015 and 2014, during the years 2017, 2016 and 2015, no impairment provisions were recorded in connection with assets that have an indefinite useful life (including goodwill).
(g) Other investments
Other investments consist primarily of investments in financial debt instruments and equity investments where the Company holds a minor equity interest and does not exert significant influence.
All purchases and sales of investments are recognized on the settlement date, which is not significantly different from the trade date, which is the date that Ternium commits to purchase or sell the investment.
Income from financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss is recognized in Other financial income (expenses), net in the consolidated income statement. The fair value of quoted investments is based on current bid prices. If the market for a financial investment is not active or the securities are not listed, the Company estimates the fair value by using standard valuation techniques. Dividends from investments in equity instruments are recognized in the income statement when the Company's right to receive payments is established.
Certain fixed income financial instruments purchased by the Company have been categorized as available for sale if designated in this category or not classified in any of the other categories. The results of these financial investments are recognized in Finance Income in the Consolidated Income Statement using the effective interest method. Unrealized gains and losses other than impairment and foreign exchange results are recognized in Other comprehensive income. On maturity or disposal, net gain and losses previously deferred in Other comprehensive income are recognized in Finance Income in the Consolidated Income Statement.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(h) Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (calculated using the first-in-first-out "FIFO" method) or net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and goods in process comprises raw materials, direct labor, depreciation, other direct costs and related production overhead costs. It excludes borrowing costs. Goods acquired in transit at year end are valued at supplier's invoice cost.
The cost of iron ore produced in our mines comprises all direct costs necessary to extract and convert stockpiled inventories into raw materials, including production stripping costs, depreciation of fixed assets related to the mining activity and amortization of mining assets for those mines under production.
The Company assesses the recoverability of its inventories considering their selling prices, if the inventories are damaged, or if they have become wholly or partially obsolete (see note 4 (bb) (4)).
(i) Trade receivables and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are recognized initially at fair value, generally the original invoice amount. The Company analyzes its trade receivables on a regular basis and, when aware of a specific counterparty’s difficulty or inability to meet its obligations, impairs any amounts due by means of a charge to an allowance for doubtful accounts. Additionally, this allowance is adjusted periodically based on the aging of receivables.
(j) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents and highly liquid short-term securities are carried at fair market value or at a historical cost which approximates fair market value.
For purposes of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash, bank current accounts and short-term highly liquid investments (original maturity of three months or less at date of acquisition) and overdrafts.
In the consolidated statement of financial position, bank overdrafts are included in borrowings within current liabilities.
(k) Non-current assets (disposal groups) classified as held for sale
Non-current assets (disposal groups) are classified as assets held for sale, complying with the recognition criteria of IFRS 5, and stated at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell if their carrying amount is recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use.
The carrying value of non-current assets classified as held for sale, at December 31, 2017 and 2016 totals USD 2.8 million and USD 10.2 million, respectively, which corresponds principally to land and other real estate items. Sale is expected to be completed within a one-year period.
(l) Borrowings
Borrowings are recognized initially for an amount equal to the net proceeds received. In subsequent periods, borrowings are stated at amortized cost following the effective interest method.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(m) Finance leases
Leases of property, plant and equipment where the Company, as lessee, has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalized at the lease’s inception at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in other short-term and long-term payables. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to the profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period. The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the asset’s useful life or over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.
(n) Income taxes - current and deferred
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws in force in the countries in which Ternium and its subsidiaries operate. Management evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation could be subject to interpretation. A liability is recorded for tax benefits that were taken in the applicable tax return but have not been recognized for financial reporting.
Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. Deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting, nor taxable profit or loss. The principal temporary differences arise on fixed assets, intangible assets, inventories valuation and provisions for pensions. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted at year end. Under IFRS, deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are classified as non-current assets (liabilities).
Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent it is probable that future taxable income will be available to offset temporary differences.
Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associated companies, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Company and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are re-estimated if tax rates change. These amounts are charged or credited to the consolidated income statement or to the item “Other comprehensive income for the year” in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, depending on the account to which the original amount was charged or credited.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(o) Employee liabilities
(1) Post-employment obligations
The Company has defined benefit and defined contribution plans. A defined benefit plan is a pension plan that defines an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement, usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation.
The liability recognized in the statement of financial position in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually (at year end) by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension obligation. In countries where there is no deep market in such bonds, the market rates on government bonds are used.
Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to equity in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.
Past-service costs are recognized immediately in income.
For defined benefit plans, net interest income/expense is calculated based on the surplus or deficit derived by the difference between the defined benefit obligations less plan assets.
For defined contribution plans, the Company pays contributions to publicly or privately administered pension insurance plans on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are recognized as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
Mexico
Ternium Mexico has defined benefit and defined contribution plans.
The valuation of the liabilities for the defined benefit employee retirement plans (pensions and seniority premiums) covers all employees and is based primarily on their years of service, their present age and their remuneration at the date of retirement. The cost of the employee retirement plans (pension, health-care expenses and seniority premiums) is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered in accordance with actuarial studies made by independent actuaries. The formal retirement plans are congruent with and complementary to the retirement benefits established by the Mexican Institute of Social Security. Additionally, the Company has established a plan to cover health-care expenses of retired employees. The Company has established a commitment for the payment of pensions and seniority premiums, as well as for health-care expenses.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
The defined contribution plans provide a benefit equivalent to the capital accumulated with the company's contributions, which are provided as a match of employees' contributions to the plan. The plan provides vested rights according to the years of service and the cause of retirement.
Argentina
Ternium Argentina implemented an unfunded defined benefit employee retirement plan for certain senior officers. The plan is designed to provide certain benefits to those officers (additional to those contemplated under applicable Argentine labor laws) in case of termination of the employment relationship due to certain specified events, including retirement. This unfunded plan provides defined benefits based on years of service and final average salary.
(2) Termination benefits
Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated before the normal retirement date, or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. The Company recognizes termination benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either: (i) terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal or (ii) providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy.
(3) Other compensation obligations
Employee entitlements to annual leave and long-service leave are accrued as earned.
During 2007, Ternium launched an incentive retention program (the "Program") applicable to certain senior officers and employees of the Company, who will be granted a number of Units throughout the duration of the Program. The value of each of these Units is based on Ternium's shareholders' equity (excluding non-controlling interest). Also, the beneficiaries of the Program are entitled to receive cash amounts based on (i) the amount of dividend payments made by Ternium to its shareholders, and (ii) the number of Units held by each beneficiary to the Program. Units vest ratably over a period of four years and will be redeemed by the Company ten years after grant date, with the option of an early redemption at seven years after grant date. As the cash payment of the benefit is tied to the book value of the shares, and not to their market value, Ternium valued this long-term incentive program as a long term benefit plan as classified in IAS 19.
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the outstanding liability corresponding to the Program amounts to USD 30.8 million and USD 23.4 million, respectively. The total value of the units granted to date under the program, considering the number of units and the book value per share as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, is USD 30.3 million and USD 24.1 million, respectively.
Under Mexican law, Ternium's subsidiaries are required to pay their employees an annual benefit which is determined as a percentage of taxable profit for the year.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(4) Social security contributions
Social security laws in force in the countries in which the Company operates provide for pension benefits to be paid to retired employees from government pension plans and/or private fund managed plans to which employees may elect to contribute. As stipulated by the respective laws, Ternium Argentina and Ternium Mexico make monthly contributions calculated based on each employee's salary to fund such plans. The related amounts are expensed as incurred. No additional liabilities exist once the contributions are paid.
(p) Provisions and other liabilities
Ternium has certain contingencies with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits and other proceedings. Unless otherwise specified, Ternium accrues a provision for a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, when it is probable that future cost could be incurred and that cost can be reasonably estimated. Generally, accruals are based on developments to date, Ternium's estimates of the outcomes of these matters and the advice of Ternium's legal advisors.
(q) Trade payables
Trade payables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
(r) Revenue recognition and other income
Revenues are recognized as sales when revenue is earned and is realized or realizable. This includes satisfying all of the following criteria: the arrangement with the customer is evident, usually through the receipt of a purchase order; the sales price is fixed or determinable; delivery as defined by the risk transfer provision of the sales contracts has occurred, and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenues are shown net of value-added tax, returns, rebates and discounts and after eliminating sales within the group.
Interest income is recognized on an effective yield basis.
(s) Borrowing Costs
The Company capitalizes the borrowing costs incurred to finance construction, acquisition or production of qualifying assets. In the case of specific borrowings, Ternium determines the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization as the actual borrowing costs incurred on that borrowing during the period less any investment income on the temporary investment of those borrowings. For general borrowings, Ternium determines the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization by applying a capitalization rate to the expenditures on that asset. The capitalization rate is the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to the borrowings that are outstanding during the period, other than borrowings made specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset.
The amount of borrowing costs that Ternium capitalizes during a period will not exceed the amount of borrowing costs incurred during that period. At December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the capitalized borrowing costs are not material.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(t) Cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses
Cost of sales and expenses are recognized in the income statement on the accrual basis of accounting.
Commissions, freight and other selling expenses, including shipping and handling costs, are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Income Statement.
(u) Stripping costs
Stripping costs are the costs associated with the removal of overburden and other waste materials and can be incurred before the mining production commences (“development stripping”) or during the production stage (“production stripping”).
Development stripping costs that contribute to the future economic benefits of mining operations are capitalized as intangible assets (Mining assets). Production stripping costs which are part of on-going activities are included in the cost of the inventory produced (that is extracted) at each mine during the period in which they are incurred.
Capitalization of development stripping costs finishes when the commercial production of the mine commences. At that time, all development stripping costs are presented within Mining assets and depreciated on a unit-of-production basis. It is considered that commercial production begins when the production stage of mining operations begins and continues throughout the life of a mine.
(v) Mining development costs
Mining development costs are the costs associated to the activities related to the establishment of access to the mineral reserve and other preparations for commercial production. These activities often continue during production.
Development expenditures are capitalized and classified as Work in progress. On completion of development, all assets included in Work in progress are individually reclassified to the appropriate category of property, plant and equipment and depreciated accordingly.
(w) Asset retirement obligations
Ternium records asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) initially at the fair value of the legal or constructive obligation in the period in which it is incurred and capitalizes the ARO by increasing the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment. The fair value of the obligation is determined as the discounted value of the expected future cash flows and is included in Provisions. The liability is accreted to its present value through net financing cost and the capitalized cost is depreciated based in the unit of production method.
(x) Earnings per share
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net income attributable to shareholders by the daily weighted average number of ordinary shares issued during the year, excluding the average number of shares of the parent Company held by the Group. There are no dilutive securities for the periods presented.
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Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 |
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4. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
(y) Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities
Ternium designates certain derivatives as hedges of a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction. These transactions are classified as cash flow hedges (mainly interest rate swaps, collars, currency forward contracts on highly probable forecast transactions and commodities contracts). The effective portion of the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in OCI. Amounts accumulated in OCI are recognized in the income statement in the same period as any offsetting losses and gains on the hedged item. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement. The fair value of Ternium derivative financial instruments (asset or liability) continues to be reflected in the statement of financial position.
For transactions designated and qualifying for hedge accounting, Ternium documents the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the effective portion of designated cash flow hedges (net of taxes) amounted to USD 0.7 million and USD 0.1 million, respectively, and were included under "changes in the fair value of derivatives classified as cash flow hedges" line item in the statement of comprehensive income (see Note 27 (a)).
More information about accounting for derivative financial instruments and hedging activities is included in Note 29 "Financial risk management".
(z) Treasury shares
Acquisitions of treasury shares are recorded at acquisition cost, deducted from equity until disposal. The gains and losses on disposal of treasury shares are recognized under "Reserves" in the consolidated statement of financial position.
(aa) Cash flow
The consolidated statements of cash flows have been prepared using the indirect method and contain the use of the following expressions and their respective meanings:
a) Operating activities: activities that constitute ordinary Group revenues, as well as other activities that cannot be qualified as investing or financing.
b) Investing activities: acquisition, sale or disposal by other means of assets in the long-term and other investments not included in cash and cash equivalents.
c) Financing activities: activities that generate changes in the size and composition of net equity and liabilities that do not form part of operating activities.
(bb) Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Management makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
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