UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X]

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

OR

[  ]

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the transition period from ________________ to _______________

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.                       Yes [X]  No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).                              Yes [X]  No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     Yes [  ]  No [X]

As of June 30, 2018, 6,266,911 shares of the registrant's common stock, no par value per share, were issued and outstanding.

The Eastern Company

Form 10-Q

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE EASTERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

See accompanying notes.

THE EASTERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

 

See accompanying notes.

THE EASTERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

See accompanying notes.

THE EASTERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

See accompanying notes.

THE EASTERN COMPANY

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

June 30, 2018

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X 10-01 and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. Refer to the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2017 (the 2017 For 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2018) for additional information.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for interim periods have been reflected therein. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 30, 2017 has been derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet at that date.

Commencing with Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2017, product development expenses have been separately identified for all periods presented. These expenses have been reclassified from cost of products sold and selling and administrative expenses. Product development expenses are not necessarily a cost of product sold. The reclassified amounts as of July 1, 2017 do not change the overall results of the Company.

Commencing with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in accordance with ASU 2017-07 – Compensation – Retirement Benefits, net periodic pension costs have been separately identified for all periods presented. These expenses have been reclassified to cost of products sold from other income.

The denominators used to calculate earnings per share are as follow:

Inventories consist of the following components:

Financial information by segment is as follows:

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires leases to present right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. The guidance is to be applied using a modified retrospective approach at the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements and is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2018.  Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the new guidance.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-06, Plan Accounting: Defined Benefit Pension Plans (Topic 960); Defined Contribution Pension Plans (Topic 962); Health and Welfare Benefit Plans (Topic 965): Employee Benefit Plan Master Trust Reporting. ASU 2017-06 provides guidance for reporting by an employee benefit plan for its interest in a master trust. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This ASU should be applied retrospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period after December 15, 2018.  The Company is in the process of determining the effect that the adoption of ASU 2017-06 will have on the accompanying financial statements.

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that could impact its consolidated financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued, but are not yet effective, that might have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

On April 3, 2017, the Company signed an amended and restated loan agreement (the "Restated Loan Agreement") with People's United Bank that included a $31 million term portion and a $10 million revolving credit portion.  Proceeds of the loan were used to repay the remaining outstanding term loan of the Company (approximately $1,429,000) and to acquire 100% of the common stock of Velvac Holdings, Inc. ("Velvac").  The term portion of the Restated Loan Agreement requires quarterly principal payments of $387,500 for a two-year period beginning July 3, 2017.  The repayment amount then increases to $775,000 per quarter beginning July 1, 2019.  The term loan is a five-year loan with the remaining balance due on March 1, 2022.  The revolving credit portion of the Restated Loan Agreement has a quarterly commitment fee ranging from 0.2% to 0.375% based on operating results on an annualized basis.  The revolving credit portion has a maturity date of April 1, 2022.  On April 3, 2017, the Company borrowed approximately $6.6 million on the revolving credit facility.  The Company subsequently paid off $1.6 million during 2017 and drew down an additional net of $1 million during the first six months of 2018 on the revolving credit facility leaving a balance on the revolving credit facility of $6 million as of June 30, 2018.

The interest rates on the term and revolving credit portions of the Restated Loan Agreement vary.  The interest rates vary based on the LIBOR rate plus a margin spread of 1.75% to 2.50%.  The margin spread is based on operating results calculated on a rolling-four-quarter basis.  The Company may also borrow funds at the lender's prime rate.  On June 30, 2018, the interest rate for one half ($14.7 million) of the term portion of the Restated Loan Agreement was 3.73%, using a one month LIBOR rate, and the interest rate for the remaining balance ($14.7 million) of the term portion was 4.05%, based on a three month LIBOR rate. As of June 30, 2018, the interest rate for the $6 million balance of the revolving credit portion of the Restated Loan Agreement was 3.73%, based on a one month LIBOR rate.

The Company's loan covenants under the Restated Loan Agreement require the Company to maintain a consolidated minimum debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.1 to 1 for periods through December 31, 2018 and of at least 1.2 to 1 for subsequent periods.  This ratio is to be tested quarterly on a 12 month trailing basis.  In addition, the Company will be required to show a maximum total leverage ratio of 4.0x for periods through December 31, 2018, 3.5x for the period January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019, 3.25x for the period of January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 and 3.0x thereafter.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants in 2017 and 2018.

On April 4, 2017, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract with the lender with an original notional amount of $15,500,000, which is equal to 50% of the outstanding balance of the term portion of the Restated Loan Agreement on that date.  The notional amount will decrease on a quarterly basis beginning July 3, 2017 in accordance with the principal repayment schedule of the term portion of the Restated Loan Agreement.  The Company has a fixed interest rate of 1.92% on the swap contract and will pay the difference between the fixed interest rate and the LIBOR when LIBOR rate is below 1.92% and the Company will receive interest when the LIBOR rate exceeds 1.92%.

The Company has non-contributory defined benefit pension plans covering certain U.S. employees. Plan benefits are generally based upon age at retirement, years of service and, for its salaried plan, the level of compensation. The Company also sponsors unfunded nonqualified supplemental retirement plans that provide certain current and former officers with benefits in excess of limits imposed by federal tax law.

In addition, the Company provides health care and life insurance for retired salaried employees in the U.S.who meet specific eligibility requirements.

Significant disclosures relating to these benefit plans for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal years 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

 

		Pension Benefits
		Six Months Ended								Three Months Ended
		June 30, 2018				July 1, 2017				June 30, 2018				July 1, 2017
Service cost		$	659,922			$	634,718			$	329,901			$	317,358
Interest cost			1,553,583				1,582,112				776,791				791,055
Expected return on plan assets			(2,609,758	)			(2,391,787	)			(1,304,878	)			(1,195,892	)
Amortization of prior service cost			65,381				72,874				32,690				36,436
Amortization of the net loss			555,056				615,743				277,528				307,873
Net periodic benefit cost		$	224,184			$	513,660			$	112,032			$	256,830

 

 

The Company made contributions to the plan as follows:

The non-discretionary contribution of $502,617 made in the six months ended June 30, 2018 was expensed in the prior fiscal year.

The Company accounts for its stock based awards in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 718-10, Compensation – Stock Compensation, which requires a fair value measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to its employees and directors, including employee stock options and restricted stock awards. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes valuation model. This model requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions including, among other things, estimates regarding the length of time an employee will retain vested stock options before exercising them, the estimated volatility of our common stock price and the number of options that will be forfeited prior to vesting. The fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of the fair value of stock-based compensation, which, in turn, could materially affect the related amount recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had one stock option plan, the 2010 Executive Stock Incentive Plan (the "2010 Plan"), for officers, other key employees, and non-employee directors.  Incentive stock options granted under the 2010 plan must have exercise prices that are not less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock on the dates the options are granted.  Restricted stock awards may also be granted to participants under the 2010 Plan with restrictions determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee").  Under the 2010 Plan, non-qualified stock options granted to participants will have exercise prices determined by the Compensation Committee.   No options or restricted stock were granted in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018 and 25,000 stock options were granted in the second quarter of 2017.

The 2010 Plan also permits the issuance of stock appreciation rights (SARs).  The SARs are in the form of an option with a cashless exercise price equal to the fair value of the Company's common stock at the date of grant.  During the second quarter of 2018, the Company did not issue any SARs.

Stock-based compensation expense in connection with SARs granted to employees and directors in the second quarter of 2018 and 2017 was approximately $74,000 and $56,000, respectively, and for the six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was approximately $130,000 and $63,000 respectively.

As of June 30, 2018, there were 275,000 units reserved and available for future grant under the 2010 Plan.  The following tables set forth the outstanding SARs for the periods specified:

The following tables set forth the outstanding restricted stock grants for the period specified:

At June 30, 2018, outstanding SARs and grants had an intrinsic value of $1,943,000.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various states and foreign jurisdictions.  With limited exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2013 and is no longer subject to non-U.S. income tax examinations by foreign tax authorities for years prior to 2011.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act") was enacted into law on December 22, 2017. The 2017 Tax Act, significantly changes U.S. corporate income tax laws by, among other provisions, reducing the maximum U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% starting in 2018, and creating a territorial tax system with a one-time mandatory tax on previously deferred foreign earnings of U.S. subsidiaries.

The final impact on the Company resulting from the 2017 Tax Act's transition tax legislation may differ from the aforementioned reasonable estimate due to the complexity of calculating and supporting with primary evidence U.S. tax attributes, such as accumulated foreign earnings and profits, foreign tax paid, and other tax components involved in foreign tax credit calculations for prior years back to 1986. Such differences could be material, due to, among other things, changes in interpretations of the 2017 Tax Act, future legislative action to address questions that arise because of the 2017 Tax Act, changes in accounting standards for income taxes or related interpretations in response to the 2017 Tax Act, or any updates or changes to estimates the Company has utilized to calculate the reasonable estimate of the transition tax.

Pursuant to the SAB118, the company is allowed a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the 2017 Tax Act to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts.  During the six months ending June 30, 2018, no measurement period adjustments were recorded.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits could increase or decrease within the next 12 months for a number of reasons, including the closure of federal, state and foreign tax years by expiration of the statute of limitations and the recognition and measurement considerations under FASB ASC Topic 740, "Income Taxes."  There have been

no significant changes to the amount of unrecognized tax benefits during the six months ended June 30, 2018.  The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will not increase or decrease significantly over the next twelve months.

The Company's revenues result from the sale of goods and services and reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled.  The Company records revenues based on a five-step model in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers."  The Company has defined purchase orders as contracts in accordance with ASC Topic 606. For its customer contracts, the Company identifies it's performance obligations, which is delivering goods or services, determines the transaction price, allocates the contract transaction price to the performance obligations (when applicable), and recognizes the revenue when (or as) the performance obligation is transferred to the customer.  A good or service is transferred when the customer obtains control of that good or service.  The Company's revenues are recorded at a point in time from the sale of tangible products.  Revenues are recognized when products are shipped.

The Company has elected the Modified Retrospective Method (the "Cumulate Effect Method") to comply with ASC Topic 606. The Cumulative Effect Method does not affect the amounts for the prior periods, but requires that the current period be reported in accordance with ASC Topic 606. ASC Topic 606 was adopted on December 31, 2017 which was the first day of the Company's 2018 fiscal year. The financial effect of ASC Topic 606 on the June 30, 2018 financial statements was not material.

Customer volume rebates, product returns, discount and allowance are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period that the related sales are recorded.  The Company has reviewed the overall sales transactions for variable consideration and has determined that these costs are not material.

Refer to Note D for revenues reported by segment.  The Company has not experienced any impairment losses, has no future performance obligations and does not capitalize costs to obtain or fulfill contracts.

Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies

The Company is exposed primarily to credit, interest rate and currency exchange rate risks which arise in the normal course of business.

 

Credit Risk

 

Credit risk is the potential financial loss resulting from the failure of a customer or counterparty to settle its financial and contractual obligations to the Company, as and when they become due. The primary credit risk to the Company is its accounts receivable with customers. The Company has established credit limits for customers and monitors their balances to mitigate the risk of loss. At June 30, 2018 and December 30, 2017, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk. No one customer represented more than 10% of the Company's net trade receivables at June 30, 2018 or at December 30, 2017.  The maximum exposure to credit risk is primarily represented by the carrying amount of the Company's accounts receivable.

Interest Rate Risk

 

The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company's debt, which bears interest at variable rates based on the LIBOR rate plus a margin spread of 1.75% to 2.50%. The Company has an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $14,725,000 on June 30, 2018 to convert a portion of its 2017 Term Loan from variable to fixed rates. The valuation of this swap is determined using the three month LIBOR rate index and mitigates the Company's exposure to interest rate risk.

Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The Company's currency exposure is concentrated in the Canadian dollar, Mexican peso, New Taiwan dollar, Chinese RMB and the Hong Kong dollar.  Because of the Company's limited exposure to any single foreign market, any exchange gains or losses have not been material and are not expected to be material in the future.  As a result, the Company does not attempt to mitigate its foreign currency exposure through the acquisition of any speculative or leveraged financial instruments.

Fair Value Measurements

Assets and liabilities that require fair value measurement are recorded at fair value using market and income valuation approaches and considering the Company's and counterparty's credit risk. The Company uses the market approach and the income approach to value assets and liabilities as appropriate. The assets or liabilities requiring fair value measurements on June 30, 2018 are as follows:

The Company's interest rate swap is not an exchange-traded instrument. However, it is valued based on observable inputs for similar liabilities and thus classified as Level 2. The amount of the interest rate swap is included in other accrued assets.

Effective June 1, 2018 the Company acquired certain assets of Load N Lock Systems, Inc. ("Load N Lock") including accounts receivable, inventories, furniture, fixtures and equipment, intellectual property rights, assumption of certain liabilities and rights existing under all sales and purchase agreements.  Load N Lock is a leader in innovative truck cap and tonneau cover locks that keep truck contents safe and secure.  Load N Lock developed and patented the first integrated power lock for the industry and has developed numerous truck cap and tonneau cover lock related products.  Load N Lock provides its innovative products and solutions to the industry's leading manufacturers in the United States and Asia.

Load N Lock is included in the Security Products segment of the Company from the date of the acquisition.  The cost of the acquisition of Load N Lock was approximately $4,995,000.

The above acquisition was accounted for under ASC 805.  The acquired business is included in the consolidated operating results of the Company from the date of acquisition.  The excess of the cost of Load N Lock over the fair market value of the net assets acquired of $2,694,700 has been recorded as goodwill.

In connection with the above acquisition, the Company recorded the following intangible assets:

There is no anticipated residual value relating to these intangible assets.

Neither the actual results nor the pro forma effects of the acquisition of Load N Lock are material to the Company's financial statements.

ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion is intended to highlight significant changes in the Company's financial position and results of operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. The interim financial statements and this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2017 and the related Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in the Company's 2017 Form 10-K.

Certain statements set forth in this discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the rules, regulation and releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").  Any statement that are not historical fact, including statements containing such words as "may," "will," "could," "expects," "intends," "believes," "plans," "anticipates," "estimated," or similar expressions, should be considered forward=looking statements. Readers should not place undue influence on these statements which, reflect management's current expectations regarding future events and operating performance and are made only as of the date of this Report. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual future results and trends might differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements.

The risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from those described in the forward-looking statements depend on a variety of factors, including changing customer preferences, lack of success of new products, loss of customers, competition, increased raw material prices, problems associated with foreign sourcing of parts and products, changes within our industry segments and in the overall economy, litigation, legislation and the impact of the acquisition and integration of Velvac and its subsidiaries. In addition, terrorist threats and the possible responses by the U.S. and foreign governments, the effects on consumer demand, the financial markets, the travel industry, the trucking industry and other conditions increase the uncertainty inherent in forward-looking statements.

There are important, additional factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including the factors described in the Company's 2017 For 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on March 15, 2018.  Although the Company believes it has an appropriate business strategy and the resources necessary for its operations, future revenue and margin trends cannot be reliably predicted and the Company may alter its business strategies to address changing conditions.

The Company undertakes no obligation to update, alter, or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

In addition, the Company makes estimates and assumptions that may materially affect reported amounts and disclosures. These relate to valuation allowances for accounts receivable and for excess and obsolete inventories, accruals for pensions and other postretirement benefits (including forecasted future cost increases and returns on plan assets), provisions for depreciation (estimating useful lives), uncertain tax positions, and, on occasion, accruals for contingent losses.

Overview

Sales in the second quarter of 2018 increased $2.8 million or 5%, as compared to the second quarter of 2017.  Sales increased across all business segments with Industrial Hardware increasing 2%, Security Products increasing 10% and Metal Products increasing 6%. The second quarter of 2018 was favorably affected by the introduction of new products which increased sales 4%. New products consisted of tumbler paddles; latch brackets primarily in Class 8 trucks, specialty vehicles and military end trucks; mini rotary engines; puck, spring return, push button and mini cam locks; and contract castings.

Sales in the first six months of 2018 increased $26.2 million or 28% compared to the comparable prior year period.  Organic sales in the first six months of 2018 increased 9% while the Velvac acquisition contributed 19%.  Sales volume of existing products increased by 23% in the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017. The first six months of 2018 was favorably affected by the introduction of new products which increased sales by 4%. Compared to the prior year period, sales increased in the first six months of 2018 by 43% in the Industrial Hardware segment and by 11% in the Metal Products segment, and by 10% in the Security Products segment.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, gross margin as a percentage of sales was 25% compared to 27% in the comparable period of 2017.  This decrease was primarily the result of increased raw material prices. Gross margin as a percentage of sales for the six months of 2018 was 25% compared to 26% for the comparable prior year period.  Raw materials are important to the products produced. Comparing the first half of 2018 and 2017, there were significant price increases for the following raw materials: hot rolled, cold rolled, stainless and galvanized steel; zinc, copper, and scrap iron.

 

Interest expense was comparable in the second quarter of 2018 to the second quarter of 2017.  Compared to the prior year period, interest expense increased $0.3 million due to the increased level of debt for a full six month period incurred in connection with the acquisition of Velvac in the second quarter of 2017.

Other income increased in the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017 due to the adoption of FASB ASU 2017-07 - Compensation - Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.

A more detailed analysis of the Company's results of operations and financial condition is provided below:

Results of Operations

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, selected line items from the condensed consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of net sales, by segment:

The following table shows the amount of change for the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017 in sales, cost of products sold, gross margin, selling and administrative expenses and operating profit, by segment (dollars in thousands):

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, selected line items from the condensed consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of net sales, by segment:

The following table shows the amount of change for the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017 in sales and operating profit by segment (dollars in thousands):

Industrial Hardware Segment

Net sales were up 2% in the second quarter of 2018 and 43% in the first half of 2018 compared to the respective corresponding prior year periods.  The increase in sales in the first half of 2018 when compared to the respective corresponding prior year period reflect a full six months of sales from the Velvac acquisition in 2018 and only three months of sales in 2017.  Sales of new products included tumbler paddles and latch brackets primarily in Class 8 trucks, specialty vehicles and military end markets, and mini rotary locks.

Cost of products sold increased 5% in the second quarter and 44% in the first half of 2018 compared to the respective corresponding prior year periods due to increased sales volume and raw material prices.  Velvac's cost of products sold for the first half of 2018 represent 92% of the increase in the cost of products sold which reflects a full six months of cost of products sold from the Velvac acquisition in 2018 and only three months of sales in 2017. Raw material prices for steel and zinc increased in the first half of 2018 as compared to the first half of 2017.  These materials are important in the products produced.  Comparing raw material prices for the first half of 2018 and 2017, hot rolled steel prices increased 18%, cold rolled steel prices increased 24%, galvanized steel prices increased 88% and stainless steel increased 15%.

Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 25% in the second quarter 2018 compared to 27% in the same period in 2017.  Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 25% in the first half of 2018 compared to 25% in the same period in 2017. The change in gross margin for the second quarter of 2018 reflects the mix of products produced offset by the increase in raw material costs. 2017 cost was adversely affected due to purchase accounting write-off of step up in inventory value in the Velvac acquisition.

Product development expense as a percentage of net sales was 3% in the second quarter 2018 compared to 4% in the same period in 2017.  Product development expense as a percentage of net sales was 3% in the first half of 2018 and the comparable period in 2017.

Selling and administrative expenses decreased 31% for the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same period in 2017. The most significant factor contributing to this decrease were the costs due to the acquisition of Velvac in the second quarter of 2017.  In 2017, selling and administrative costs were adversely impacted by several one time charges which included $0.9 million of transaction expenses related to the Velvac acquisition.  Selling and administrative expenses increased 4% for the first half of 2018 compared to the same period in 2017.  The most significant factor contributing to this increase were sales commissions due to the acquisition of Velvac in the second quarter of 2017.

Security Products Segment

Net sales increased 10% in the second quarter and first half period of 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017.  The increase in second quarter 2018 sales resulted from an increase in sales volume of 6% of existing products to the commercial laundry market and new product sales of 4% to the commercial lock market.  The increase in the first half of 2018 sales resulted from an increase of 5% for both sales volume of existing products and 4% for new products.  New product sales included a zinc branded puck lock, a spring return lock, a push button lock and a mini cam lock.

Cost of products sold increased 13% in the second quarter and 12% for the first half of 2018 as compared to the comparable periods of 2017, as the result of increased sales volume and raw material prices.  These materials are important in the products produced.  Raw material prices for cold rolled steel, zinc and copper increased in the second quarter and first half of 2018 when compared to the comparable periods of 2017.  Zinc prices increased 7% and copper prices increased 11%.  In addition, payroll and payroll related expenses increased 19% in the second quarter and 17% in the first half of 2018 as compared to the same periods of 2017 which was the result of hiring additional personnel at several divisions.

Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 30% the second quarter of 2018 and 29% in the first half of 2018, as compared to 31% in the second quarter and first half of 2017.  The decrease in gross margin for the second quarter of 2018 period reflects the mix of products produced offset by the increase in raw materials costs.

Product development expense as a percentage of net sales was 3% for each of the second quarters and first halves of 2018 and 2017.

Selling and administrative expenses increased 9% in the second quarter and 8% in the first half of 2018, as compared to the same periods in 2017. The most significant factor resulting in the increase were the costs related to the Load N Lock acquisition in the second quarter of 2018.

Metal Products Segment

Net sales increased 6% in the second quarter and 11% in the first half of 2018 as compared to the comparable periods of 2017. Increased sales volume of industrial castings products represented the entire increase from the second quarter of 2017 levels as the Company continues efforts to diversify away from traditional mining products.  New product sales were to the mining, oil, water, gas, and rail industries.

Cost of products sold increased 11% in the second quarter and 16% in the first half of 2018, as compared to the same periods in 2017 as the result of increased sales volume and raw material prices.  The increase in cost is the result of hiring additional personnel adding 9% in payroll cost in the second quarter of 2018 and 24% in the first half of 2018.  Supplies and tools costs increased 24% in the second quarter and 35% in the first half of 2018 as a result of increased production.  Raw material price for scrap iron increased in the first half of 2018 when compared to the first half of 2017 by 14%.

Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 13% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to 17% in 2017. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales was 14% in the first half of 2018 compared to 17% in 2017.

Selling and administrative expenses decreased 18% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same period in 2017.  Selling and administrative expenses increased 2% in the first half of 2018 compared to the same period in 2017.  The decrease in the second quarter of 2018 was due to environmental costs incurred in the second quarter of 2017.

Liquidity and Sources of Capital

The Company generated approximately $5,600,000 of cash from its operations during the first six months of 2018 compared to approximately $6,309,000 during the same period in 2017.  The decrease in cash flows in the 2018 period compared to the 2017 period was primarily the result of increased inventories and accounts receivable on increased organic sales and the inclusion of the Velvac acquisition during the 2018 period.  Cash flow from operations coupled with cash at the beginning of the 2018 fiscal year was sufficient to fund capital expenditures, debt service, and dividend payments.

Additions to property, plant and equipment were approximately $1,236,000 for the first six months of 2018 and $709,000 for the same period in 2017.  As of June 31, 2018, there was approximately $260,000 of outstanding commitments for capital expenditures.

The following table shows key financial ratios at the end of each specified period:

The following table shows important liquidity measures as of the balance sheet date for each specified period (in millions):

Total inventories of $49.9 million increased 5% in the second quarter of 2018 as compared to $47.3 million at the fiscal year end of 2017.  Inventories increased 12% in the second quarter of 2018, as compared to $44.1 million in the same period in 2017.  Accounts receivable were $29.7 million for the second quarter of 2018, as compared to $28.9 million in the same period in 2017.

Cash, cash flow from operating activities and funds available under the revolving credit portion of the Restated Loan Agreement are expected to be sufficient to cover future foreseeable working capital requirements.

 

Subsequent to the end of the quarter and prior to the filing of this Form 10-Q the Company repatriated $5.5 million in cash from foreign operations and used the funds to pay down the Company's revolving credit facility.

 

 

ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There have been no material changes in market risk from what was reported in the 2017 Form 10-K.  For additional information, see Note K in the Notes accompanying this Report.

ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures:

As of the end of the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer (the "CEO") and Chief Financial Officer (the "CFO"), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 240.13a-15.  As defined in Exchange Act Rules 240.13a-15(e) and 240.15d-15(e), "the term disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or

submits under the Act (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the

reports that it files or submits under the Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure."  Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2018.

The Company believes that a controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. The Company's disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and the CEO and CFO have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective at the "reasonable assurance" level as of June 30, 2018.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting:

During the period covered by this Report, there have been no significant changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is party to various legal proceedings and claims related to its normal business operations.  In the opinion of management, the Company has substantial and meritorious defenses for these claims and proceedings in which it is a defendant, and believes these matters will ultimately be resolved without a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity of the Company.  The aggregate provision for losses related to contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business was not material to operating results for any year presented.

In 2010, the Company was contacted by the State of Illinois regarding potential ground contamination at its plant in Wheeling, Illinois. The Company entered into a voluntary remediation program in Illinois and has engaged an environmental clean-up company to perform testing and develop a remediation plan. Since 2010, the environmental company has completed a number of tests and the design of a final remediation system has been approved in the second quarter of 2018. The total estimated cost for the proposed remediation system is anticipated to be approximately $50,000. The Company has accrued for and expensed the entire $50,000.

In 2016, the Company created a plan to remediate a landfill of spent foundry sand maintained at the Company's metal casting facility in New York. This plan was agreed to by the New York Department of Environmental Conservation (the "DEC") on March 27, 2018. Based on estimates provided by the Company's environmental engineers, the anticipated cost to remediate and monitor the landfill is $411,000. The Company has accrued for and expensed the entire $411,000 in the first quarter of 2018 and fiscal 2017.

There are no other legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the Company's business, to which either the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any subsidiary is the subject.

ITEM 1A – RISK FACTORS

The Company's business is subject to a number of risks, some of which are beyond its control. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, the Company's shareholders should carefully consider the factors discussed in Item 1A.  "Risk Factors" of the Company's 2017 Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 15, 2018.  These risk factors could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition and/or liquidity and could cause our operating results to vary significantly from period to period. As of June 30, 2018, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the Company's 2017 Form 10-K. The Company may also disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in its future filings with the SEC.  Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company or that it currently deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect its business, financial condition, or operating results.

ITEM 2 – UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There have been no sales of unregistered securities by the Company or purchases of registered equity securities by the Company during the period covered by this report.

ITEM 3 – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4 – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5 – OTHER INFORMATION

None

 ITEM 6 – EXHIBITS

31) Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32) Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 USC 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101) The following materials from Eastern Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language); (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, and July 1, 2017; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statement Balance Sheet at June 30, 2018 and December 30, 2017; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and July 1, 2017; and (iv) Notes to the (Unaudited) Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements**.

** Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.