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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
 
 
Form 10-Q
 
     
(Mark One)    
 
þ
  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 or
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the transition period from          to          
 
Commission File Number: 001-13251
 
 
 
 
SLM Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
     
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  52-2013874
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
     
12061 Bluemont Way, Reston, Virginia
(Address of principal executive offices)
  20190
(Zip Code)
(703) 810-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
          
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer þ     Accelerated filer o     Non-accelerated filer o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
 
     
Class
 
Outstanding at October 31, 2007
 
Voting common stock, $.20 par value   413,998,316 shares
 


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GLOSSARY
 
Listed below are definitions of key terms that are used throughout this document.
 
Borrower Benefits — Borrower Benefits are financial incentives offered to borrowers who qualify based on pre-determined qualifying factors, which are generally tied directly to making on-time monthly payments. The impact of Borrower Benefits is dependent on the estimate of the number of borrowers who will eventually qualify for these benefits and the amount of the financial benefit offered to the borrower. We occasionally change Borrower Benefits programs in both amount and qualification factors. These programmatic changes must be reflected in the estimate of the Borrower Benefits discount.
 
Consolidation Loan Rebate Fee — All holders of FFELP Consolidation Loans are required to pay to the U.S. Department of Education (“ED”) an annual 105 basis point Consolidation Loan Rebate Fee on all outstanding principal and accrued interest balances of FFELP Consolidation Loans purchased or originated after October 1, 1993, except for loans for which consolidation applications were received between October 1, 1998 and January 31, 1999, where the Consolidation Loan Rebate Fee is 62 basis points.
 
Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”) — A variable in life of loan estimates that measures the rate at which loans in the portfolio pay before their stated maturity. The CPR is directly correlated to the average life of the portfolio. CPR equals the percentage of loans that prepay annually as a percentage of the beginning of period balance.
 
“Core Earnings” — In accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), we prepare financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In addition to evaluating the Company’s GAAP-based financial information, management evaluates the Company’s business segments on a basis that, as allowed under the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” differs from GAAP. We refer to management’s basis of evaluating our segment results as “Core Earnings” presentations for each business segment and we refer to these performance measures in our presentations with credit rating agencies and lenders. While “Core Earnings” results are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, we rely on “Core Earnings” performance measures in operating each business segment because we believe these measures provide additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management.
 
Our “Core Earnings” performance measures are the primary financial performance measures used by management to evaluate performance and to allocate resources. Accordingly, financial information is reported to management on a “Core Earnings” basis by reportable segment, as these are the measures used regularly by our chief operating decision maker. Our “Core Earnings” performance measures are used in developing our financial plans and tracking results, and also in establishing corporate performance targets and determining incentive compensation. Management believes this information provides additional insight into the financial performance of the Company’s core business activities. Our “Core Earnings” performance measures are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. “Core Earnings” net income reflects only current period adjustments to GAAP net income. Accordingly, the Company’s “Core Earnings” presentation does not represent another comprehensive basis of accounting.
 
See “NOTE 11 TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — Segment Reporting” and “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — BUSINESS SEGMENTS — Limitations of ‘Core Earnings’ ” for further discussion of the differences between “Core Earnings” and GAAP, as well as reconciliations between “Core Earnings” and GAAP.
 
In prior filings with the SEC of SLM Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and quarterly report on Form 10-Q, “Core Earnings” has been labeled as “ ‘Core’ net income” or “Managed net income” in certain instances.


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Direct Loans — Student loans originated directly by ED under the FDLP.
 
ED — The U.S. Department of Education.
 
Embedded Fixed Rate/Variable Rate Floor Income — Embedded Floor Income is Floor Income (see definition below) that is earned on off-balance sheet student loans that are in securitization trusts sponsored by us. At the time of the securitization, the value of Embedded Fixed Rate Floor Income is included in the initial valuation of the Residual Interest (see definition below) and the gain or loss on sale of the student loans. Embedded Floor Income is also included in the quarterly fair value adjustments of the Residual Interest.
 
Exceptional Performer (“EP”) Designation — The EP designation is determined by ED in recognition of a servicer meeting certain performance standards set by ED in servicing FFELP Loans. Upon receiving the EP designation, the EP servicer receives 99 percent reimbursement on default claims on federally guaranteed student loans for all loans serviced for a period of at least 270 days before the date of default and will no longer be subject to the 3 percent Risk Sharing (see definition below) on these loans. The EP servicer is entitled to receive this benefit as long as it remains in compliance with the required servicing standards, which are assessed on an annual and quarterly basis through compliance audits and other criteria. The annual assessment is in part based upon subjective factors which alone may form the basis for an ED determination to withdraw the designation. If the designation is withdrawn, the 3 percent Risk Sharing may be applied retroactively to the date of the occurrence that resulted in noncompliance. The College Cost Reduction Act of 2007 eliminated the EP designation effective October 1, 2007. See “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — RECENT DEVELOPMENTS — Other Developments — Exceptional Performer.”
 
FDLP — The William D. Ford Federal Direct Student Loan Program.
 
FFELP — The Federal Family Education Loan Program, formerly the Guaranteed Student Loan Program.
 
FFELP Consolidation Loans — Under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) borrowers with multiple eligible student loans may consolidate them into a single student loan with one lender at a fixed rate for the life of the loan. The new note is considered a FFELP Consolidation Loan. Typically a borrower may consolidate his student loans only once unless the borrower has another eligible loan to consolidate with the existing FFELP Consolidation Loan. The borrower rate on a FFELP Consolidation Loan is fixed for the term of the loan and is set by the weighted average interest rate of the loans being consolidated, rounded up to the nearest 1/8th of a percent, not to exceed 8.25 percent. In low interest rate environments, FFELP Consolidation Loans provide an attractive refinancing opportunity to certain borrowers because they allow borrowers to consolidate variable rate loans into a long-term fixed rate loan. Holders of FFELP Consolidation Loans are eligible to earn interest under the Special Allowance Payment (“SAP”) formula (see definition below).
 
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans — Education loans to students or parents of students that are guaranteed or reinsured under the FFELP. The loans are primarily Stafford loans but also include PLUS and HEAL loans.
 
Fixed Rate Floor Income — We refer to Floor Income (see definition below) associated with student loans whose borrower rate is fixed to term (primarily FFELP Consolidation Loans and Stafford Loans originated on or after July 1, 2006) as Fixed Rate Floor Income.
 
Floor Income — FFELP student loans generally earn interest at the higher of a floating rate based on the Special Allowance Payment or SAP formula (see definition below) set by ED and the borrower rate, which is fixed over a period of time. We generally finance our student loan portfolio with floating rate debt over all interest rate levels. In low and/or declining interest rate environments, when the fixed borrower rate is higher than the rate produced by the SAP formula, our student loans earn at a fixed rate while the interest on our floating rate debt continues to decline. In these interest rate environments, we earn additional spread income that we refer to as Floor Income. Depending on the type of the student loan and when it was originated, the borrower rate is either fixed to term or is reset to a market rate each July 1. As a result, for loans where the


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borrower rate is fixed to term, we may earn Floor Income for an extended period of time, and for those loans where the borrower interest rate is reset annually on July 1, we may earn Floor Income to the next reset date. In accordance with new legislation enacted in 2006, lenders are required to rebate Floor Income to ED for all new FFELP loans disbursed on or after April 1, 2006.
 
The following example shows the mechanics of Floor Income for a typical fixed rate FFELP Consolidation Loan (with a commercial paper-based SAP spread of 2.64 percent):
 
         
Fixed Borrower Rate
    7.25 %
SAP Spread over Commercial Paper Rate
    (2.64 )%
         
Floor Strike Rate(1)
    4.61 %
         
 
 
(1) The interest rate at which the underlying index (Treasury bill or commercial paper) plus the fixed SAP spread equals the fixed borrower rate. Floor Income is earned anytime the interest rate of the underlying index declines below this rate.
 
Based on this example, if the quarterly average commercial paper rate is over 4.61 percent, the holder of the student loan will earn at a floating rate based on the SAP formula, which in this example is a fixed spread to commercial paper of 2.64 percent. On the other hand, if the quarterly average commercial paper rate is below 4.61 percent, the SAP formula will produce a rate below the fixed borrower rate of 7.25 percent and the loan holder earns at the borrower rate of 7.25 percent. The difference between the fixed borrower rate and the lender’s expected yield based on the SAP formula is referred to as Floor Income. Our student loan assets are generally funded with floating rate debt, so when student loans are earning at the fixed borrower rate, decreases in interest rates may increase Floor Income.
 
Graphic Depiction of Floor Income:
 
LINE GRAPH
 
Floor Income Contracts — We enter into contracts with counterparties under which, in exchange for an upfront fee representing the present value of the Floor Income that we expect to earn on a notional amount of underlying student loans being economically hedged, we will pay the counterparties the Floor Income earned on that notional amount over the life of the Floor Income Contract. Specifically, we agree to pay the counterparty the difference, if positive, between the fixed borrower rate less the SAP (see definition below) spread and the average of the applicable interest rate index on that notional amount, regardless of the actual balance of underlying student loans, over the life of the contract. The contracts generally do not extend over the life of the underlying student loans. This contract effectively locks in the amount of Floor Income we will earn over the period of the contract. Floor Income Contracts are not considered effective hedges under


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SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” and each quarter we must record the change in fair value of these contracts through income.
 
GSE — The Student Loan Marketing Association was a federally chartered government-sponsored enterprise and wholly owned subsidiary of SLM Corporation that was dissolved under the terms of the Privatization Act (see definition below) on December 29, 2004.
 
HEA — The Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended.
 
Lender Partners — Lender Partners are lenders who originate loans under forward purchase commitments to Sallie Mae where we own the loans from inception or acquire the loans soon after origination.
 
Managed Basis — We generally analyze the performance of our student loan portfolio on a Managed Basis, under which we view both on-balance sheet student loans and off-balance sheet student loans owned by the securitization trusts as a single portfolio, and the related on-balance sheet financings are combined with off-balance sheet debt. When the term Managed is capitalized in this document, it is referring to Managed Basis.
 
Merger — On April 16, 2007, the Company announced that a buyer group (“Buyer Group”) led by J.C. Flowers & Co. (“J.C. Flowers”) signed a definitive agreement (“Merger Agreement”) to acquire the Company for approximately $25.3 billion or $60.00 per share of common stock. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, J.C. Flowers and certain other private equity investors, including Friedman Fleischer & Lowe, would, upon consummation, invest approximately $4.4 billion and own 50.2 percent, and Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) and JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) each would, upon consummation, invest approximately $2.2 billion and each would own 24.9 percent of the surviving entity. The remainder of the purchase price is expected to be funded by debt. The Company’s independent board members unanimously approved the agreement and recommended that its shareholders approve the agreement. The Company’s shareholders approved the Merger Agreement during a special meeting of shareholders held on August 15, 2007. (See also “Merger Agreement” filed with the SEC on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated April 18, 2007.) Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company was not permitted to pay dividends on its common stock prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction. This restriction has been terminated. The Buyer Group has since repudiated the Merger Agreement and the Company has filed a lawsuit in Delaware Court of Chancery against the Buyer Group. Under guidance from the Delaware Court of Chancery at a scheduling hearing on November 5, 2007, the Company has elected to pursue an expedited decision on its October 19, 2007 motion for partial judgment on the pleadings. Specifically, the Company is seeking an expedited ruling that its interpretation of the Merger Agreement as it pertains to a “Material Adverse Effect” (as defined in the Merger Agreement) is the correct interpretation. The effect of this election will be that trial is expected to commence on an undetermined date after Thanksgiving 2008, rather than in mid-July 2008. See “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — RECENT DEVELOPMENTS — Merger-Related Developments.”
 
Preferred Lender List — Most higher education institutions select a small number of lenders to recommend to their students and parents. This recommended list is referred to as the Preferred Lender List.
 
Preferred Channel Originations — Preferred Channel Originations are comprised of: 1) student loans that are originated by lenders with forward purchase commitment agreements with Sallie Mae and are committed for sale to Sallie Mae, such that we either own them from inception or, in most cases, acquire them soon after origination, and 2) loans that are originated by internally marketed Sallie Mae brands.
 
Private Education Consolidation Loans — Borrowers with multiple Private Education Loans (defined below) may consolidate them into a single loan with Sallie Mae. The interest rate on the new loan is variable rate with the spread set at the lower of the average weighted spread of the underlying loans (available only to Sallie Mae customers) or a new spread as a result of favorable underwriting criteria.
 
Private Education Loans — Education loans to students or parents of students that are not guaranteed or reinsured under the FFELP or any other federal or private student loan program. Private Education Loans include loans for traditional higher education, undergraduate and graduate degrees, and for alternative


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education, such as career training, private kindergarten through secondary education schools and tutorial schools. Traditional higher education loans have repayment terms similar to FFELP loans, whereby repayments begin after the borrower leaves school. Repayment for alternative education or career training loans generally begins immediately.
 
Privatization Act — The Student Loan Marketing Association Reorganization Act of 1996.
 
Reconciliation Legislation — The Higher Education Reconciliation Act of 2005, which reauthorized the student loan programs of the HEA and generally became effective as of July 1, 2006.
 
Residual Interest — When we securitize student loans, we retain the right to receive cash flows from the student loans sold to trusts we sponsor in excess of amounts needed to pay servicing, derivative costs (if any), other fees, and the principal and interest on the bonds backed by the student loans. The Residual Interest, which may also include reserve and other cash accounts, is the present value of these future expected cash flows, which includes the present value of Embedded Fixed Rate Floor Income described above. We value the Residual Interest at the time of sale of the student loans to the trust and at the end of each subsequent quarter.
 
Retained Interest — The Retained Interest includes the Residual Interest (defined above) and servicing rights (as the Company retains the servicing responsibilities).
 
Risk Sharing — When a FFELP loan defaults, the federal government guarantees 97 percent of the principal balance plus accrued interest (98 percent on loans disbursed before July 1, 2006) and the holder of the loan generally must absorb the remaining three percent not guaranteed as a Risk Sharing loss on the loan. FFELP student loans originated after October 1, 1993 are subject to Risk Sharing on loan default claim payments unless the default results from the borrower’s death, disability or bankruptcy. FFELP loans serviced by a servicer that has EP designation (see definition above) from ED are subject to one-percent Risk Sharing for claims filed on or after July 1, 2006 and before October 1, 2007.
 
Special Allowance Payment (“SAP”) — FFELP student loans originated prior to April 1, 2006 generally earn interest at the greater of the borrower rate or a floating rate determined by reference to the average of the applicable floating rates (91-day Treasury bill rate or commercial paper) in a calendar quarter, plus a fixed spread that is dependent upon when the loan was originated and the loan’s repayment status. If the resulting floating rate exceeds the borrower rate, ED pays the difference directly to us. This payment is referred to as the Special Allowance Payment or SAP and the formula used to determine the floating rate is the SAP formula. We refer to the fixed spread to the underlying index as the SAP spread. For loans disbursed after April 1, 2006, FFELP loans effectively only earn at the SAP rate, as the excess interest earned when the borrower rate exceeds the SAP rate (Floor Income) must be refunded to ED.
 
Variable rate PLUS Loans and SLS Loans earn SAP only if the variable rate, which is reset annually, exceeds the applicable maximum borrower rate. For PLUS loans disbursed on or after January 1, 2000, this limitation on SAP was repealed effective April 1, 2006.
 
Title IV Programs and Title IV Loans — Student loan programs created under Title IV of the HEA, including the FFELP and the FDLP, and student loans originated under those programs, respectively.
 
Variable Rate Floor Income — For FFELP Stafford student loans whose borrower interest rate resets annually on July 1, we may earn Floor Income or Embedded Floor Income (see definitions above) based on a calculation of the difference between the borrower rate and the then current interest rate. We refer to this as Variable Rate Floor Income because Floor Income is earned only through the next reset date.
 
Wholesale Consolidation Loans — During 2006, we implemented a loan acquisition strategy under which we began purchasing a significant amount of FFELP Consolidation Loans, primarily via the spot market, which augments our traditional FFELP Consolidation Loan origination process. Wholesale Consolidation Loans are considered incremental volume to our core acquisition channels, which are focused on the retail marketplace with an emphasis on our brand strategy.


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SLM CORPORATION
 
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
September 30, 2007
 
                 
      Financial Statements     7  
      Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     45  
      Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk     104  
      Controls and Procedures     107  
 
      Legal Proceedings     108  
      Risk Factors     109  
      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds     110  
      Defaults Upon Senior Securities     110  
      Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     111  
      Other Information     111  
      Exhibits     111  
    112  
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1
 EX-32.2


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.   Financial Statements
 
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
                 
    September 30,
    December 31,
 
    2007     2006  
    (Unaudited)        
 
Assets
               
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans (net of allowance for losses of $30,655 and $8,701, respectively)
  $ 34,108,560     $ 24,840,464  
FFELP Consolidation Loans (net of allowance for losses of $26,809 and $11,614, respectively)
    71,370,681       61,324,008  
Private Education Loans (net of allowance for losses of $454,100 and $308,346, respectively)
    13,675,571       9,755,289  
Other loans (net of allowance for losses of $21,738 and $20,394, respectively)
    1,193,405       1,308,832  
Investments
               
Available-for-sale
    4,152,071       2,464,121  
Other
    92,976       99,330  
                 
Total investments
    4,245,047       2,563,451  
Cash and cash equivalents
    7,794,954       2,621,222  
Restricted cash and investments
    4,999,369       3,423,326  
Retained Interest in off-balance sheet securitized loans
    3,238,637       3,341,591  
Goodwill and acquired intangible assets, net
    1,354,141       1,371,606  
Other assets
    8,835,025       5,585,943  
                 
Total assets
  $ 150,815,390     $ 116,135,732  
                 
Liabilities
               
Short-term borrowings
  $ 33,008,374     $ 3,528,263  
Long-term borrowings
    108,860,988       104,558,531  
Other liabilities
    3,934,267       3,679,781  
                 
Total liabilities
    145,803,629       111,766,575  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Minority interest in subsidiaries
    10,054       9,115  
                 
Stockholders’ equity
               
Preferred stock, par value $.20 per share, 20,000 shares authorized; Series A: 3,300 and 3,300 shares issued, respectively, at stated value of $50 per share; Series B: 4,000 and 4,000 shares issued, respectively, at stated value of $100 per share
    565,000       565,000  
Common stock, par value $.20 per share, 1,125,000 shares authorized; 439,660 and 433,113 shares issued, respectively
    87,932       86,623  
Additional paid-in capital
    2,847,748       2,565,211  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax of $128,716 and $183,684, respectively)
    245,352       349,111  
Retained earnings
    2,437,639       1,834,718  
                 
Stockholders’ equity before treasury stock
    6,183,671       5,400,663  
Common stock held in treasury: 25,544 and 22,496 shares, respectively
    1,181,964       1,040,621  
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    5,001,707       4,360,042  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 150,815,390     $ 116,135,732  
                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
    (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
 
Interest income:
                               
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans
  $ 545,618     $ 364,621     $ 1,507,680     $ 1,000,211  
FFELP Consolidation Loans
    1,145,473       916,091       3,247,573       2,579,017  
Private Education Loans
    392,737       254,747       1,060,509       729,796  
Other loans
    25,990       24,550       80,416       71,398  
Cash and investments
    211,303       141,083       466,731       361,847  
                                 
Total interest income
    2,321,121       1,701,092       6,362,909       4,742,269  
Total interest expense
    1,879,811       1,363,271       5,109,130       3,660,122  
                                 
Net interest income
    441,310       337,821       1,253,779       1,082,147  
Less: provisions for loan losses
    142,600       67,242       441,130       194,957  
                                 
Net interest income after provisions for loan losses
    298,710       270,579       812,649       887,190  
                                 
Other income (loss):
                               
Gains on student loan securitizations
          201,132       367,300       902,417  
Servicing and securitization revenue
    28,883       187,082       413,808       368,855  
Losses on loans and securities, net
    (25,163 )     (13,427 )     (67,051 )     (24,899 )
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net
    (487,478 )     (130,855 )     (22,881 )     (94,875 )
Guarantor servicing fees
    45,935       38,848       115,449       99,011  
Debt management fees
    76,306       122,556       243,865       304,329  
Collections revenue
    52,788       57,913       195,442       181,951  
Other
    106,684       87,923       292,121       234,380  
                                 
Total other income (loss)
    (202,045 )     551,172       1,538,053       1,971,169  
Operating expenses:
                               
Salaries and benefits
    185,741       179,910       563,723       523,977  
Other
    170,158       173,584       547,150       469,428  
                                 
Total operating expenses
    355,899       353,494       1,110,873       993,405  
                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
    (259,234 )     468,257       1,239,829       1,864,954  
Income taxes
    84,449       203,686       499,187       722,559  
                                 
Income (loss) before minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
    (343,683 )     264,571       740,642       1,142,395  
Minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
    77       1,099       1,778       3,544  
                                 
Net income (loss)
    (343,760 )     263,472       738,864       1,138,851  
Preferred stock dividends
    9,274       9,221       27,523       26,309  
                                 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock
  $ (353,034 )   $ 254,251     $ 711,341     $ 1,112,542  
                                 
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
  $ (.85 )   $ .62     $ 1.73     $ 2.71  
                                 
Average common shares outstanding
    412,944       410,034       411,958       411,212  
                                 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
  $ (.85 )   $ .60     $ 1.69     $ 2.56  
                                 
Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding
    412,944       449,841       420,305       452,012  
                                 
Dividends per common share
  $     $ .25     $ .25     $ .72  
                                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


8


Table of Contents

 
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
                                                                                         
                                              Accumulated
                   
    Preferred
                                  Additional
    Other
                Total
 
    Stock
    Common Stock Shares     Preferred
    Common
    Paid-In
    Comprehensive
    Retained
    Treasury
    Stockholders’
 
    Shares     Issued     Treasury     Outstanding     Stock     Stock     Capital     Income (Loss)     Earnings     Stock     Equity  
 
Balance at June 30, 2006
    7,300,000       430,753,515       (19,078,488 )     411,675,027     $ 565,000     $ 86,151     $ 2,440,565     $ 370,204     $ 1,775,948     $ (878,100 )   $ 4,359,768  
Comprehensive income:
                                                                                       
Net income
                                                                    263,472               263,472  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                                                       
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax
                                                            98,168                       98,168  
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax
                                                            (7,845 )                     (7,845 )
                                                                                         
Comprehensive income
                                                                                    353,795  
Cash dividends:
                                                                                       
Common stock ($.25 per share)
                                                                    (101,995 )             (101,995 )
Preferred stock, series A ($.87 per share)
                                                                    (2,875 )             (2,875 )
Preferred stock, series B ($1.54 per share)
                                                                    (6,183 )             (6,183 )
Issuance of common shares
            836,344       4,996       841,340               167       25,380                       259       25,806  
Preferred stock issuance costs and related amortization
                                                    163               (163 )              
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plans
                                                    6,695                               6,695  
Stock-based compensation cost
                                                    18,048                               18,048  
Repurchase of common shares:
                                                                                       
Open market repurchases
                    (2,159,827 )     (2,159,827 )                                             (100,000 )     (100,000 )
Equity forwards:
                                                                                       
Exercise cost, cash
                    (861,576 )     (861,576 )                                             (47,163 )     (47,163 )
(Gain) loss on settlement
                                                                        3,826       3,826  
Benefit plans
                    (134,033 )     (134,033 )                                             (6,699 )     (6,699 )
                                                                                         
Balance at September 30, 2006
    7,300,000       431,589,859       (22,228,928 )     409,360,931     $ 565,000     $ 86,318     $ 2,490,851     $ 460,527     $ 1,928,204     $ (1,027,877 )   $ 4,503,023  
                                                                                         
Balance at June 30, 2007
    7,300,000       436,095,303       (23,477,044 )     412,618,259     $ 565,000     $ 87,219     $ 2,721,554     $ 265,388     $ 2,790,674     $ (1,081,774 )   $ 5,348,061  
Comprehensive income:
                                                                                       
Net income
                                                                    (343,760 )             (343,760 )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                                                       
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax
                                                            (12,914 )                     (12,914 )
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax
                                                            (7,208 )                     (7,208 )
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment
                                                            86                       86  
                                                                                         
Comprehensive income
                                                                                    (363,796 )
Cash dividends:
                                                                                       
Preferred stock, series A ($.87 per share)
                                                                    (2,875 )             (2,875 )
Preferred stock, series B ($1.58 per share)
                                                                    (6,236 )             (6,236 )
Restricted stock dividend
                                                                    (1 )             (1 )
Issuance of common shares
            3,565,038             3,565,038               713       86,182                               86,895  
Preferred stock issuance costs and related amortization
                                                    163               (163 )              
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plans
                                                    31,105                               31,105  
Stock-based compensation cost
                                                    8,744                               8,744  
Repurchase of common shares:
                                                                                       
Benefit plans
                    (2,067,201 )     (2,067,201 )                                             (100,190 )     (100,190 )
                                                                                         
Balance at September 30, 2007
    7,300,000       439,660,341       (25,544,245 )     414,116,096     $ 565,000     $ 87,932     $ 2,847,748     $ 245,352     $ 2,437,639     $ (1,181,964 )   $ 5,001,707  
                                                                                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


9


Table of Contents

 
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
                                                                                         
    Preferred
                                  Additional
    Other
                Total
 
    Stock
    Common Stock Shares     Preferred
    Common
    Paid-In
    Comprehensive
    Retained
    Treasury
    Stockholders’
 
    Shares     Issued     Treasury     Outstanding     Stock     Stock     Capital     Income (Loss)     Earnings     Stock     Equity  
 
Balance at December 31, 2005
    7,300,000       426,483,527       (13,346,717 )     413,136,810     $ 565,000     $ 85,297     $ 2,233,647     $ 367,910     $ 1,111,743     $ (572,172 )   $ 3,791,425  
Comprehensive income:
                                                                                       
Net income
                                                                    1,138,851               1,138,851  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                                                       
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax
                                                            91,356                       91,356  
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax
                                                            1,256                       1,256  
Minimum pension liability adjustment
                                                            5                       5  
                                                                                         
Comprehensive income
                                                                                    1,231,468  
Cash dividends:
                                                                                       
Common stock ($.72 per share)
                                                                    (296,081 )             (296,081 )
Preferred stock, series A ($2.61 per share)
                                                                    (8,625 )             (8,625 )
Preferred stock, series B ($4.28 per share)
                                                                    (17,200 )             (17,200 )
Issuance of common shares
            5,106,332       58,745       5,165,077               1,021       157,331                       3,234       161,586  
Preferred stock issuance costs and related amortization
                                                    484               (484 )              
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plans
                                                    44,654                               44,654  
Stock-based compensation cost
                                                    54,735                               54,735  
Repurchase of common shares:
                                                                                       
Open market repurchases
                    (2,159,827 )     (2,159,827 )                                             (100,000 )     (100,000 )
Equity forwards:
                                                                                       
Exercise cost, cash
                    (5,395,979 )     (5,395,979 )                                             (295,376 )     (295,376 )
(Gain) loss on settlement
                                                                        10,907       10,907  
Benefit plans
                    (1,385,150 )     (1,385,150 )                                             (74,470 )     (74,470 )
                                                                                         
Balance at September 30, 2006
    7,300,000       431,589,859       (22,228,928 )     409,360,931     $ 565,000     $ 86,318     $ 2,490,851     $ 460,527     $ 1,928,204     $ (1,027,877 )   $ 4,503,023  
                                                                                         
Balance at December 31, 2006
    7,300,000       433,112,982       (22,496,170 )     410,616,812     $ 565,000     $ 86,623     $ 2,565,211     $ 349,111     $ 1,834,718     $ (1,040,621 )   $ 4,360,042  
Comprehensive income:
                                                                                       
Net income
                                                                    738,864               738,864  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                                                       
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax
                                                            (103,014 )                     (103,014 )
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax
                                                            (309 )                     (309 )
Defined benefit pension plans adjustment
                                                            (436 )                     (436 )
                                                                                         
Comprehensive income
                                                                                    635,105  
Cash dividends:
                                                                                       
Common stock ($.25 per share)
                                                                    (102,658 )             (102,658 )
Preferred stock, series A ($2.61 per share)
                                                                    (8,625 )             (8,625 )
Preferred stock, series B ($4.64 per share)
                                                                    (18,414 )             (18,414 )
Restricted stock dividend
                                                                    (1 )             (1 )
Issuance of common shares
            6,547,359       35,364       6,582,723               1,309       180,376                       1,584       183,269  
Preferred stock issuance costs and related amortization
                                                    484               (484 )              
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plans
                                                    46,579                               46,579  
Stock-based compensation cost
                                                    55,098                               55,098  
Cumulative effect of accounting change
                                                                    (5,761 )             (5,761 )
Repurchase of common shares:
                                                                                       
Benefit plans
                    (3,083,439 )     (3,083,439 )                                             (142,927 )     (142,927 )
                                                                                         
Balance at September 30, 2007
    7,300,000       439,660,341       (25,544,245 )     414,116,096     $ 565,000     $ 87,932     $ 2,847,748     $ 245,352     $ 2,437,639     $ (1,181,964 )   $ 5,001,707  
                                                                                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


10


Table of Contents

SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                 
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,  
          Restated
 
    2007     2006  
    (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
 
Operating activities
               
Net income
  $ 738,864     $ 1,138,851  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Gains on student loan securitizations
    (367,300 )     (902,417 )
Losses on sales of loans and securities, net
    67,051       24,899  
Stock-based compensation cost
    65,193       62,081  
Unrealized (gains)/losses on derivative and hedging activities, excluding equity forwards
    (129,078 )     (193,972 )
Unrealized (gains)/losses on derivative and hedging activities — equity forwards
    73,467       181,616  
Provisions for loan losses
    441,130       194,957  
Minority interest, net
    (1,239 )     (5,639 )
Mortgage loans originated
    (528,241 )     (1,030,296 )
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans
    585,853       1,052,750  
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash-other
    127       (148,312 )
(Increase) in accrued interest receivable
    (1,018,465 )     (722,659 )
Increase in accrued interest payable
    157,082       167,418  
Adjustment for non-cash (income)/loss related to Retained Interest
    142,225       147,839  
(Increase) decrease in other assets, goodwill and acquired intangible assets, net
    (269,818 )     390,679  
Increase in other liabilities
    649,274       394,756  
                 
Total adjustments
    (132,739 )     (386,300 )
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    606,125       752,551  
                 
Investing activities
               
Student loans acquired
    (31,057,701 )     (27,121,113 )
Loans purchased from securitized trusts (primarily loan consolidations)
    (3,944,000 )     (5,903,077 )
Reduction of student loans:
               
Installment payments
    8,532,193       7,846,175  
Proceeds from securitization of student loans treated as sales
    1,976,599       19,521,365  
Proceeds from sales of student loans
    777,982       94,578  
Other loans originated
    (2,967,425 )     (1,302,201 )
Other loans repaid
    3,007,256       1,159,201  
Other investing activities, net
    (204,634 )     (110,866 )
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
    (65,822,245 )     (58,882,238 )
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities
    73,199       2,866  
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities
    64,214,984       59,393,499  
Purchases of held-to-maturity and other securities
    (330,050 )     (559,098 )
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities and other securities
    434,771       635,268  
(Increase) in restricted cash — on-balance sheet trusts
    (1,696,092 )     (424,200 )
Return of investment from Retained Interest
    199,345       66,781  
Purchase of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired
          (289,162 )
                 
Net cash (used in) investing activities
    (26,805,818 )     (5,872,222 )
                 
Financing activities
               
Short-term borrowings issued
    5,027,546       15,854,385  
Short-term borrowings repaid
    (6,870,392 )     (15,860,749 )
Long-term borrowings issued
    1,567,602       7,682,583  
Long-term borrowings repaid
    (3,078,229 )     (4,284,140 )
Borrowings collateralized by loans in trust issued
    18,953,651       6,203,019  
Borrowings collateralized by loans in trust repaid
    (4,295,630 )     (3,860,982 )
Asset-backed commercial paper conduits — net activity
    20,391,717       7,303  
Other financing activities, net
    (54,790 )     (64,886 )
Excess tax benefit from the exercise of stock-based awards
    29,535       27,445  
Common stock issued
    159,832       144,448  
Net settlements on equity forward contracts
    (184,793 )     (45,906 )
Common stock repurchased
    (142,927 )     (469,846 )
Common dividends paid
    (102,658 )     (296,081 )
Preferred dividends paid
    (27,039 )     (25,825 )
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    31,373,425       5,010,768  
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    5,173,732       (108,903 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    2,621,222       2,498,655  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 7,794,954     $ 2,389,752  
                 
Cash disbursements made for:
               
Interest
  $ 4,966,249     $ 3,117,085  
                 
Income taxes
  $ 704,206     $ 574,220  
                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
1.   Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited, consolidated financial statements of SLM Corporation (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2007. The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2006, as presented, was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2006. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Reclassifications
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the balances as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 to be consistent with classifications adopted for 2007.
 
Restatement of Quarterly Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
 
The Company restated its 2006 quarterly consolidated statements of cash flows as more fully described within the Company’s 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K at Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies — Statement of Cash Flows — Restatement of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” and Note 21, “Restatement of Quarterly Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited).” The restatements solely affected the classification of items in operating, investing and financing activities, and had no impact on the net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents set forth in the consolidated statements of cash flows for any of the previously reported periods. The restatements did not affect the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of income or consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity. Accordingly, the Company’s historical revenues, net income, earnings per share, total assets and total stockholders’ equity remain unchanged.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115
 
In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” This statement permits entities an irrevocable election to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring derivative instruments and the hedged assets and liabilities differently, without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Most recognized financial assets and liabilities are eligible items for the measurement option established by the


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
1.   Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
statement. There are a few exceptions, including an investment in a subsidiary or an interest in a variable interest entity that is required to be consolidated, certain obligations related to post-employment benefits, assets or liabilities recognized under leases, various deposits and financial instruments classified as shareholders’ equity. An entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each reporting date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statements. The statement will be effective beginning January 1, 2008.
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value within GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This statement applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. Accordingly, this statement does not change which types of instruments are carried at fair value, but rather establishes the framework for measuring fair value. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of SFAS No. 157 on its financial statements.
 
Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets
 
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets,” which amends SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” This statement was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2007.
 
This statement:
 
  •  Requires an entity to recognize a servicing asset or liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset as the result of (i) a transfer of the servicer’s financial assets that meet the requirement for sale accounting; (ii) a transfer of the servicer’s financial assets to a qualifying special-purpose entity in a guaranteed mortgage securitization in which the transferor retains all of the resulting securities and classifies them as either available-for-sale or trading securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”; or (iii) an acquisition or assumption of an obligation to service a financial asset that does not relate to financial assets of the servicer or its consolidated affiliates.
 
  •  Requires all separately recognized servicing assets or liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable.
 
  •  Permits an entity to either (i) amortize servicing assets or liabilities in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income or loss and assess servicing assets or liabilities for impairment or increased obligation based on fair value at each reporting date (amortization method); or (ii) measure servicing assets or liabilities at fair value at each reporting date and report changes in fair value in earnings in the period in which the changes occur (fair value measurement method). The method must be chosen for each separately recognized class of servicing asset or liability.
 
  •  At its initial adoption, permits a one-time reclassification of available-for-sale securities to trading securities by entities with recognized servicing rights, without calling into question the treatment of other available-for-sale securities under SFAS No. 115, provided that the available-for-sale securities are identified in some manner as offsetting the entity’s exposure to changes in fair value of servicing assets or liabilities that a servicer elects to subsequently measure at fair value.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
1.   Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
 
  •  Requires separate presentation of servicing assets and liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position and additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and liabilities.
 
The adoption of SFAS No. 156 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements as the Company did not elect to carry its servicing rights at fair value through earnings.
 
Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments
 
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments” which amends SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” and SFAS No. 140. This statement was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2007.
 
This statement:
 
  •  Requires that all interests in securitized financial assets be evaluated to determine if the interests are free standing derivatives or if the interests contain an embedded derivative;
 
  •  Clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are exempt from the requirements of SFAS No. 133;
 
  •  Clarifies that the concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not an embedded derivative;
 
  •  Allows a hybrid financial instrument containing an embedded derivative that would have required bifurcation under SFAS No. 133 to be measured at fair value as one instrument on a case by case basis; and
 
  •  Amends SFAS Statement No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition of a qualifying special purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to beneficial interests other than another derivative financial instrument.
 
In January 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” Implementation Issues No. B39, “Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph 13(b) to Call Options That Are Exercisable Only by the Debtor (Amended),” and No. B40, “Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph 13(b) to Securitized Interests in Prepayable Financial Assets.” The guidance clarifies various aspects of SFAS No. 155 and will require the Company to either (1) separately record embedded derivatives that may reside in the Company’s Residual Interest and on-balance sheet securitization debt, or (2) if embedded derivatives exist that require bifurcation, record the entire Residual Interest at fair value with changes in the fair value of the Company’s Residual Interest and on-balance sheet securitization debt in their entirety. This standard is prospectively applied in 2007 for new securitizations and does not apply to the Company’s existing Residual Interest or on-balance sheet securitization debt that settled prior to 2007.
 
If material embedded derivatives exist within the Residual Interest that require bifurcation, the Company will most likely elect to carry the entire Residual Interest at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in earnings. This election could have a material impact on earnings, as prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 155, changes in the fair value of these Residual Interests would have been recorded through other comprehensive income (except for impairment which is recorded through income). In the first quarter of 2007, the Company elected this option related to the Private Education Loan securitization which settled in the first quarter of 2007 and as a result, has recorded related unrealized gains/losses through earnings that, prior to the


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
1.   Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
adoption of SFAS No. 155, would have been recorded through other comprehensive income (except for any impairment required to be recognized).
 
The Company has concluded, based on its current securitization deal structures, that its on-balance sheet securitization debt will not be materially impacted upon the adoption of SFAS No. 155 as embedded derivatives will not have a material value. Accordingly, there was no impact for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, as it relates to on-balance sheet securitization debt.
 
2.   Allowance for Student Loan Losses
 
The Company’s provisions for student loan losses represent the periodic expense of maintaining an allowance sufficient to absorb losses, net of recoveries, inherent in the student loan portfolios. The evaluation of the provisions for student loan losses is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant changes. The Company believes that the allowance for student loan losses is appropriate to cover probable losses inherent in the student loan portfolios.
 
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for student loan losses for both the Private Education Loan and federally insured student loan portfolios for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 451,987     $ 268,562     $ 328,661     $ 219,062  
Provisions for student loan losses
    137,220       61,864       429,386       184,480  
Charge-offs
    (86,440 )     (37,954 )     (264,745 )     (108,107 )
Recoveries
    8,685       5,652       23,301       18,081  
                                 
Net charge-offs
    (77,755 )     (32,302 )     (241,444 )     (90,026 )
                                 
Balance before reductions for student loan sales and securitizations
    511,452       298,124       516,603       313,516  
Adjustments for student loan sales and securitizations
    112       (4,781 )     (5,039 )     (20,173 )
                                 
Balance at end of period
  $ 511,564     $ 293,343     $ 511,564     $ 293,343  
                                 
 
The following table summarizes the total provisions for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Private Education Loans
  $ 99,687     $ 58,549     $ 380,093     $ 175,133  
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans
    37,533       3,315       49,293       9,347  
Mortgage and consumer loans
    5,380       5,378       11,744       10,477  
                                 
Total provisions for loan losses
  $ 142,600     $ 67,242     $ 441,130     $ 194,957  
                                 


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
2.   Allowance for Student Loan Losses (Continued)
 
The third quarter 2007 FFELP provision included a cumulative $30 million adjustment of non-recurring provision expense for student loans related to the repeal of the Exceptional Performer program (and the resulting increase in the Company’s Risk Sharing allowance) due to the passage of the College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 on September 27, 2007.
 
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for student loan losses for Private Education Loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. The provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, included an update to the Company’s projected default rates reflecting an increased gross charge-off expectation which was somewhat offset by an increase in expected life-of-loan recoveries.
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 427,904     $ 251,582     $ 308,346     $ 204,112  
Provision for Private Education Loan losses
    99,687       58,549       380,093       175,133  
Charge-offs
    (82,176 )     (36,845 )     (251,860 )     (105,564 )
Recoveries
    8,685       5,652       23,301       18,081  
                                 
Net charge-offs
    (73,491 )     (31,193 )     (228,559 )     (87,483 )
                                 
Balance before securitization of Private Education Loans
    454,100       278,938       459,880       291,762  
Reduction for securitization of Private Education Loans
          (3,964 )     (5,780 )     (16,788 )
                                 
Balance at end of period
  $ 454,100     $ 274,974     $ 454,100     $ 274,974  
                                 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized)
    5.12 %     3.19 %     5.69 %     3.06 %
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment and forbearance (annualized)
    4.61 %     2.95 %     5.18 %     2.82 %
Allowance as a percentage of the ending total loan balance
    3.21 %     3.24 %     3.21 %     3.24 %
Allowance as a percentage of ending loans in repayment
    7.70 %     6.91 %     7.70 %     6.91 %
Allowance coverage of net charge-offs (annualized)
    1.56       2.22       1.49       2.35  
Average total loans
  $ 12,705,773     $ 8,078,690     $ 11,663,982     $ 8,348,271  
Ending total loans
  $ 14,129,671     $ 8,497,374     $ 14,129,671     $ 8,497,374  
Average loans in repayment
  $ 5,696,049     $ 3,878,857     $ 5,373,462     $ 3,821,361  
Ending loans in repayment
  $ 5,895,619     $ 3,980,466     $ 5,895,619     $ 3,980,466  


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
2.   Allowance for Student Loan Losses (Continued)
 
Delinquencies
 
The table below presents the Company’s Private Education Loan delinquency trends as of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006, and September 30, 2006. Delinquencies have the potential to adversely impact earnings if the account charges off and results in increased servicing and collection costs.
 
                                                 
    September 30,
    December 31,
    September 30,
 
    2007     2006     2006  
(Dollars in millions)
  Balance     %     Balance     %     Balance     %  
 
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1)
  $ 7,966             $ 5,218             $ 4,497          
Loans in forbearance(2)
    701               359               341          
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status:
                                               
Loans current
    5,186       88.0 %     4,214       86.9 %     3,462       87.0 %
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3)
    275       4.7       250       5.1       209       5.3  
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3)
    156       2.6       132       2.7       121       3.0  
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3)
    279       4.7       255       5.3       188       4.7  
                                                 
Total Private Education Loans in repayment
    5,896       100 %     4,851       100 %     3,980       100 %
                                                 
Total Private Education Loans, gross
    14,563               10,428               8,818          
Private Education Loan unamortized discount
    (433 )             (365 )             (321 )        
                                                 
Total Private Education Loans
    14,130               10,063               8,497          
Private Education Loan allowance for losses
    (454 )             (308 )             (275 )        
                                                 
Private Education Loans, net
  $ 13,676             $ 9,755             $ 8,222          
                                                 
Percentage of Private Education Loans in repayment
    40.5 %             46.5 %             45.1 %        
                                                 
Delinquencies as a percentage of Private Education Loans in repayment
    12.0 %             13.1 %             13.0 %        
                                                 
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance
    10.6 %             6.9 %             7.9 %        
                                                 
 
 
(1) Loans for borrowers who still may be attending school or engaging in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation.
 
(2) Loans for borrowers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors consistent with the established loan program servicing procedures and policies.
 
(3) The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
3.   Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets
 
Intangible assets include the following:
 
                                 
    Average
    As of September 30, 2007  
    Amortization
          Accumulated
       
(Dollars in millions)
  Period     Gross     Amortization     Net  
 
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
                               
Customer, services, and lending relationships
    12 years     $ 379     $ (147 )   $ 232  
Tax exempt bond funding
    10 years                    
Software and technology
    7 years       95       (74 )     21  
Non-compete agreements
    2 years       12       (10 )     2  
                                 
Total
            486       (231 )     255  
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
                               
Trade name and trademark
    Indefinite       115             115  
                                 
Total acquired intangible assets
          $ 601     $ (231 )   $ 370  
                                 
 
                                 
    Average
    As of December 31, 2006  
    Amortization
          Accumulated
       
(Dollars in millions)
  Period     Gross     Amortization     Net  
 
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
                               
Customer, services, and lending relationships
    12 years     $ 367     $ (115 )   $ 252  
Tax exempt bond funding
    10 years       46       (37 )     9  
Software and technology
    7 years       94       (62 )     32  
Non-compete agreements
    2 years       12       (9 )     3  
                                 
Total
            519       (223 )     296  
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
                               
Trade name and trademark
    Indefinite       106             106  
                                 
Total acquired intangible assets
          $ 625     $ (223 )   $ 402  
                                 
 
The Company recorded intangible impairment and amortization of acquired intangibles totaling $19 million and $37 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $59 million and $68 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company will continue to amortize its intangible assets with definite useful lives over their remaining estimated useful lives.
 
A summary of changes in the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment (see Note 11, “Segment Reporting”) is as follows:
 
                         
    December 31,
          September 30,
 
(Dollars in millions)
  2006     Adjustments     2007  
 
Lending
  $ 406     $ 1     $ 407  
Asset Performance Group
    349       28       377  
Corporate and Other
    215       (15 )     200  
                         
Total
  $ 970     $ 14     $ 984  
                         


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
3.   Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets (Continued)
 
Acquisitions are accounted for under the purchase method of accounting as defined in SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” The Company allocates the purchase price to the fair value of the acquired tangible assets, liabilities and identifiable intangible assets as of the acquisition date as determined by an independent appraiser. Goodwill associated with the Company’s acquisitions is reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” and is addressed further in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” within the Company’s 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization
 
Securitization Activity
 
The Company securitizes its student loan assets and for transactions qualifying as sales, retains a Residual Interest and servicing rights (as the Company retains the servicing responsibilities), all of which are referred to as the Company’s Retained Interest in off-balance sheet securitized loans. The Residual Interest is the right to receive cash flows from the student loans and reserve accounts in excess of the amounts needed to pay servicing, derivative costs (if any), other fees, and the principal and interest on the bonds backed by the student loans. The investors of the securitization trusts have no recourse to the Company’s other assets should there be a failure of the trusts to pay when due.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization (Continued)
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s securitization activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Those securitizations listed as sales are off-balance sheet transactions and those listed as financings remain on-balance sheet.
 
                                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    2007     2006  
          Loan
    Pre-
                Loan
    Pre-
       
    No. of
    Amount
    Tax
          No. of
    Amount
    Tax
       
(Dollars in millions)
  Transactions     Securitized     Gain     Gain%     Transactions     Securitized     Gain     Gain%  
 
Securitizations sales:
                                                               
FFELP Stafford/PLUS loans
        $     $       %         $     $       %
FFELP Consolidation Loans
                            2       4,001       19       .5  
Private Education Loans
                            1       1,088       182       16.7  
                                                                 
Total securitizations sales
              $       %     3       5,089     $ 201       4.0 %
                                                                 
Securitization financings:
                                                               
FFELP Stafford/PLUS Loans(1)
                                                       
FFELP Consolidation Loans(1)
    1       2,493                       1       3,001                  
                                                                 
Total securitizations financings
    1       2,493                       1       3,001                  
                                                                 
Total securitizations
    1     $ 2,493                       4     $ 8,090                  
                                                                 
 
                                                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2007     2006  
          Loan
    Pre-
                Loan
    Pre-
       
    No. of
    Amount
    Tax
          No. of
    Amount
    Tax
       
(Dollars in millions)
  Transactions     Securitized     Gain     Gain%     Transactions     Securitized     Gain     Gain%  
 
Securitizations sales:
                                                               
FFELP Stafford/PLUS loans
        $     $       %     2     $ 5,004     $ 17       .3 %
FFELP Consolidation Loans
                            4       9,503       55       .6  
Private Education Loans
    1       2,000       367       18.4       3       5,088       830       16.3  
                                                                 
Total securitizations sales
    1       2,000     $ 367       18.4 %     9       19,595     $ 902       4.6 %
                                                                 
Securitization financings:
                                                               
FFELP Stafford/PLUS Loans(1)
    2       7,004                                              
FFELP Consolidation Loans(1)
    3       11,480                       2       6,002                  
                                                                 
Total securitizations financings
    5       18,484                       2       6,002                  
                                                                 
Total securitizations
    6     $ 20,484                       11     $ 25,597                  
                                                                 
 
 
(1) In certain securitizations there are terms within the deal structure that result in such securitizations not qualifying for sale treatment and accordingly, they are accounted for on-balance sheet as variable interest entities (“VIEs”). Terms that prevent sale treatment include: (1) allowing the Company to hold certain rights that can affect the remarketing of certain bonds, (2) allowing the trust to enter into interest rate cap agreements after the initial settlement of the securitization, which do not relate to the reissuance of third party beneficial interests or (3) allowing the Company to hold an unconditional call option related to a certain percentage of the securitized assets.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization (Continued)
 
 
Key economic assumptions used in estimating the fair value of Residual Interests at the date of securitization resulting from the student loan securitization sale transactions completed during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
 
                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    2007     2006  
          FFELP
    Private
          FFELP
    Private
 
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Education
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Education
 
    Stafford(1)     Loans(1)     Loans(1)     Stafford(1)     Loans     Loans  
 
Prepayment speed (annual rate)(2)
                            6 %     4 %
Interim status
                                   
Repayment status
                                   
Life of loan repayment status
                                   
Weighted average life
                            7.9 yrs.       9.2 yrs.  
Expected credit losses (% of principal securitized)
                            .09 %     4.75 %
Residual cash flows discounted at (weighted average)
                            11.0 %     12.7 %
 
                                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2007     2006  
          FFELP
    Private
          FFELP
    Private
 
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Education
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Education
 
    Stafford(1)     Loans(1)     Loans     Stafford     Loans     Loans  
 
Prepayment speed (annual rate)(2)
                      *       6 %     4 %
Interim status
                0 %                  
Repayment status
                4-7 %                  
Life of loan repayment status
                6 %                  
Weighted average life
                9.4 yrs.       3.7 yrs.       8.2 yrs.       9.4 yrs.  
Expected credit losses (% of principal securitized)
                4.69 %     .15 %     .19 %     4.79 %
Residual cash flows discounted at (weighted average)
                12.5 %     12.4 %     10.8 %     12.9 %
 
 
  (1)  No securitizations qualified for sale treatment in the period.
 
  (2)  Effective December 31, 2006, the Company implemented Constant Prepayment Rates (“CPR”) curves for Residual Interest valuations that are based on the number of months since entering repayment that better reflect the CPR as the loan seasons. Under this methodology, a different CPR is applied to each year of a loan’s seasoning. Previously, the Company applied a CPR that was based on a static life of loan assumption, irrespective of seasoning, or, in the case of FFELP Stafford and PLUS loans, the Company used a vector approach in applying the CPR. The repayment status CPR depends on the number of months since first entering repayment or as the loans seasons through the portfolio. Life of loan CPR is related to repayment status only and does not include the impact of the loan while in interim status. The CPR assumption used for all periods includes the impact of projected defaults.
 
   *  CPR of 20 percent for 2006, 15 percent for 2007 and 10 percent thereafter.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization (Continued)
 
 
Retained Interest in Securitized Receivables
 
The following tables summarize the fair value of the Company’s Residual Interests, included in the Company’s Retained Interest (and the assumptions used to value such Residual Interests), along with the underlying off-balance sheet student loans that relate to those securitizations in transactions that were treated as sales as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006.
 
                                 
    As of September 30, 2007  
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Private
       
    Stafford and
    Loan
    Education
       
(Dollars in millions)
  PLUS     Trusts(1)     Loan Trusts(5)     Total  
 
Fair value of Residual Interests(2)
  $ 472     $ 688     $ 2,079     $ 3,239  
Underlying securitized loan balance(3)
    10,010       16,216       14,281       40,507  
Weighted average life
    2.9 yrs.       7.4 yrs.       7.1 yrs.          
Prepayment speed (annual rate)(4)
                               
Interim status
    0 %     N/A       0 %        
Repayment status
    3-38 %     3-8 %     1-30 %        
Life of loan — repayment status
    21 %     6 %     9 %        
Expected credit losses (% of student loan principal)
    .11 %     .15 %     4.46 %        
Residual cash flows discount rate
    12.1 %     10.4 %     12.5 %        
 
                                 
    As of December 31, 2006  
    FFELP
    Consolidation
    Private
       
    Stafford and
    Loan
    Education
       
(Dollars in millions)
  PLUS     Trusts(1)     Loan Trusts     Total  
 
Fair value of Residual Interests(2)
  $ 701     $ 676     $ 1,965     $ 3,342  
Underlying securitized loan balance(3)
    14,794       17,817       13,222       45,833  
Weighted average life
    2.9 yrs.       7.3 yrs.       7.2 yrs.          
Prepayment speed (annual rate)
                               
Interim status
    0 %     N/A       0 %        
Repayment status
    0-43 %     3-9 %     4-7 %        
Life of loan — repayment status
    24 %     6 %     6 %        
Expected credit losses (% of student loan principal)
    .06 %     .07 %     4.36 %        
Residual cash flows discount rate
    12.6 %     10.5 %     12.6 %        
 
 
(1) Includes $167 million and $151 million related to the fair value of the Embedded Floor Income as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the Embedded Floor Income are primarily due to changes in the interest rates and the paydown of the underlying loans.
 
(2) At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company had unrealized gains (pre-tax) in accumulated other comprehensive income of $281 million and $389 million, respectively, that related to the Retained Interests.
 
(3) In addition to student loans in off-balance sheet trusts, the Company had $61.9 billion and $48.6 billion of securitized student loans outstanding (face amount) as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively, in on-balance sheet securitization trusts.
 
(4) Effective December 31, 2006, the Company implemented CPR curves for Residual Interest valuations that are based on seasoning (the number of months since entering repayment). Under this methodology, a different CPR is applied to each year of a loan’s seasoning. Previously, the Company applied a CPR that was based on a static life of loan assumption, and, in the case of FFELP Stafford and PLUS loans, the Company applied a vector approach, irrespective of seasoning. Repayment status CPR used is based on the number of months since first entering repayment (seasoning). Life of loan CPR is related to repayment status only and does not include the impact of the loan while in interim status. The CPR assumption used for all periods includes the impact of projected defaults.
 
(5) As discussed in Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies — Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments” the Company adopted SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments” effective January 1, 2007. As a result, the Company elected to carry the Residual Interest on the Private Education Loan securitization which settled in the first quarter of 2007 at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The fair value of this Residual Interest at September 30, 2007 was $382 million inclusive of a net $5 million fair value gain adjustment recorded since settlement.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization (Continued)
 
 
The Company recorded impairments to the Retained Interests of $90 million and $4 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, and $137 million and $148 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. The impairment charges were the result of FFELP loans prepaying faster than projected through loan consolidations ($31 million and $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $54 million and $97 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively), impairment to the Floor Income component of the Company’s Retained Interest due to increases in interest rates during the period ($0 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $24 million and $51 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively), and an increase in prepayments and acceleration of defaults related to Private Education Loans ($59 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007).
 
As of September 30, 2007 the Company updated the following assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the Residual Interests: (1) the prepayment assumption related to Private Education Loans was increased from 6 percent to 9 percent to account for the Company’s continued expectation of increased consolidation activity, (2) the expected credit losses assumed for the FFELP loans have been increased to account for the Company’s higher percentage of Risk Sharing resulting from the new legislation; and (3) the timing of expected defaults of Private Education Loans was accelerated based on the most current information the Company has observed. The overall expectation of Private Education Loan defaults did not materially change; however, acceleration of the timing has the effect of decreasing the value of the Company’s Residual Interests. The changes in these assumptions related to the Company’s Private Education Loan Residual Interests and FFELP Residual Interests resulted in a $196 million and $11 million reduction in fair value, respectively. The Company also assessed the appropriateness of the current risk premium which is added to the risk free rate for the purpose of arriving at a discount rate in light of the current economic and credit uncertainty that exists in the market. This discount rate is applied to the projected cash flows to arrive at a fair value representative of the current economic conditions. The Company concluded that the current risk premium is appropriate as it takes into account the current level of cash flow uncertainty and lack of liquidity that may exist with the Residual Interests.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
4.   Student Loan Securitization (Continued)
 
The table below shows the Company’s off-balance sheet Private Education Loan delinquency trends as of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and September 30, 2006.
 
                                                 
    September 30,
    December 31,
    September 30,
 
    2007     2006     2006  
(Dollars in millions)
  Balance     %     Balance     %     Balance     %  
 
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1)
  $ 6,126             $ 5,608             $ 6,861          
Loans in forbearance(2)
    1,251               822               901          
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status:
                                               
Loans current
    6,524       94.5 %     6,419       94.5 %     5,281       94.3 %
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3)
    192       2.8       222       3.3       164       2.9  
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3)
    71       1.0       60       .9       68       1.2  
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3)
    116       1.7       91       1.3       90       1.6  
                                                 
Total off-balance sheet Private Education Loans in repayment
    6,903       100 %     6,792       100 %     5,603       100 %
                                                 
Total off-balance sheet Private Education Loans, gross
  $ 14,280             $ 13,222             $ 13,365          
                                                 
 
 
  (1)  Loans for borrowers who still may be attending school or engaging in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation.
 
  (2)  Loans for borrowers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors consistent with the established loan program servicing procedures and programs.
 
  (3)  The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
5.   Derivative Financial Instruments
 
Summary of Derivative Financial Statement Impact
 
The following tables summarize the fair values and notional amounts or number of contracts of all derivative instruments at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and their impact on other comprehensive income and earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, $11 million (none of which is in restricted cash and investments on the balance sheet) and $418 million (of which $53 million is in restricted cash and investments on the balance sheet) fair value, respectively, of available-for-sale investment securities and $445 million and $28 million, respectively, of cash were pledged as collateral against these derivative instruments.
 
                                                                 
    Cash Flow     Fair Value     Trading     Total  
    Sept. 30,
    December 31,
    Sept. 30,
    December 31,
    Sept. 30,
    December 31,
    Sept. 30,
    December 31,
 
(Dollars in millions)
  2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Fair Values(1)
                                                               
Interest rate swaps
  $ (11 )   $ (9 )   $ (235 )   $ (355 )   $ 40     $ (111 )   $ (206 )   $ (475 )
Floor/Cap contracts
                            (296 )     (200 )     (296 )     (200 )
Futures
                                               
Equity forwards
                            (101 )     (213 )     (101 )     (213 )
Cross currency interest rate swaps
                3,273       1,440                   3,273       1,440  
                                                                 
Total
  $ (11 )   $ (9 )   $ 3,038     $ 1,085     $ (357 )   $ (524 )   $ 2,670     $ 552  
                                                                 
(Dollars in billions)
                                                               
Notional Values
                                                               
Interest rate swaps
  $ 1.9     $ 2.1     $ 15.6     $ 15.6     $ 193.4     $ 162.0     $ 210.9     $ 179.7  
Floor/Cap contracts
                            39.9       21.5       39.9       21.5  
Futures
          .1                   .6       .6       .6       .7  
Cross currency interest rate swaps
                23.8       23.0       .1             23.9       23.0  
Other(2)
                            .5       2.0       .5       2.0  
                                                                 
Total
  $ 1.9     $ 2.2     $ 39.4     $ 38.6     $ 234.5     $ 186.1     $ 275.8     $ 226.9  
                                                                 
(Shares in millions)
                                                               
Contracts
                                                               
Equity forwards
                            48.2       48.2       48.2       48.2  
                                                                 
 
 
  (1)  Fair values reported are exclusive of collateral held and/or pledged.
 
  (2)  “Other” includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from newly issued on-balance sheet securitization debt, as a result of adopting SFAS No. 155 (see Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies — Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments”). In addition, for December 31, 2006, “other” consisted of an embedded derivative ($2 billion notional) bifurcated from the convertible debenture issuance that relates primarily to certain contingent interest and conversion features of the debt. All of the embedded derivatives have had a de minimis fair value since bifurcation.
 


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
5.   Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued)
 
                                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    Cash Flow     Fair Value     Trading     Total  
(Dollars in millions)
  2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax
                                                               
Change in fair value to cash flow hedges
  $ (7 )   $ (11 )   $     $     $     $     $ (7 )   $ (11 )
Amortization of effective hedges(1)
          4                                     4  
                                                                 
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income, net
  $ (7 )   $ (7 )   $     $     $     $     $ (7 )   $ (7 )
                                                                 
Earnings Summary
                                                               
Amortization of closed futures contracts’ gains/losses in interest expense(2)
  $     $ (6 )   $     $     $     $     $     $ (6 )
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities — Realized(3)
                            (33 )     (18 )     (33 )     (18 )
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities — Unrealized(4)
                22       (20 )     (476 )     (93 )     (454 )     (113 )
                                                                 
Total earnings impact
  $     $ (6 )   $ 22     $ (20 )   $ (509 )   $ (111 )   $ (487 )   $ (137 )
                                                                 
 
                                                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    Cash Flow     Fair Value     Trading     Total  
(Dollars in millions)
  2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax
                                                               
Change in fair value to cash flow hedges
  $ (1 )   $ (9 )   $     $     $     $     $ (1 )   $ (9 )
Amortization of effective hedges(1)
    1       11                               1       11  
                                                                 
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income, net
  $     $ 2     $     $     $     $     $     $ 2  
                                                                 
Earnings Summary
                                                               
Amortization of closed futures contracts’ gains/losses in interest expense(2)
  $ (2 )   $ (17 )   $     $     $     $     $ (2 )   $ (17 )
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities — Realized(3)
                            (79 )     (107 )     (79 )     (107 )
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities — Unrealized(4)
                38       23       18       (11 )     56       12  
                                                                 
Total earnings impact
  $ (2 )   $ (17 )   $ 38     $ 23     $ (61 )   $ (118 )   $ (25 )   $ (112 )
                                                                 
 
 
(1)  The Company expects to amortize $.1 million of after-tax net losses from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months related to closed futures contracts that were hedging the forecasted issuance of debt instruments that were outstanding as of September 30, 2007.
 
(2)  For futures contracts that qualify as SFAS No. 133 hedges where the hedged transaction occurs.
 
(3)  Includes net settlement income/expense related to trading derivatives and realized gains and losses related to derivative dispositions.
 
(4)  The change in the fair value of cash flow and fair value hedges represents amounts related to ineffectiveness.

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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
5.   Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued)
 
 
Previously, the Company hedged the full fair value of certain fixed rate U.S. dollar denominated unsecured debt for SFAS No. 133 hedge accounting purposes. The widening of the Company’s credit spreads due to the Merger announcement (see Note 12, “Merger Related Developments”) resulted in certain hedge relationships no longer qualifying for hedge accounting as full fair value hedges. Those relationships, which no longer qualified for hedge accounting as full fair value hedges, were terminated and re-designated as hedges of changes in fair value due to changes in benchmark interest rates only, in the second quarter of 2007. The basis adjustment related to the hedged items as of the termination date is being amortized over the remaining life of the hedged items.
 
6.   Stockholders’ Equity
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s common share repurchases, issuances and equity forward activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Nine Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
(Shares in millions)
  2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Common shares repurchased:
                               
Open market
          2.2             2.2  
Equity forwards
          .9             5.4  
Benefit plans(1)
    2.1       .1       3.1       1.4  
                                 
Total shares repurchased
    2.1       3.2       3.1       9.0  
                                 
Average purchase price per share
  $ 48.47     $ 48.76     $ 46.35     $ 52.55  
                                 
Common shares issued
    3.6       .8       6.6       5.2  
                                 
Equity forward contracts:
                               
Outstanding at beginning of period
    48.2       45.9       48.2       42.7  
New contracts
          3.2             10.9  
Exercises
          (.9 )           (5.4 )
                                 
Outstanding at end of period
    48.2       48.2       48.2       48.2  
                                 
Authority remaining at end of period to repurchase or enter into equity forwards
    15.7       5.7       15.7       5.7  
                                 
 
 
  (1)  Includes shares withheld from stock option exercises and vesting of performance stock for employees’ tax withholding obligations and shares tendered by employees to satisfy option exercise costs.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
6.   Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)
 
 
As of September 30, 2007, the expiration dates and purchase prices for outstanding equity forward contracts were as follows:
 
                     
              Weighted
 
    Outstanding
    Range of
  Average
 
Year of Maturity
  Contracts     Purchase Prices   Purchase Price  
    (in millions of shares)            
 
2008
    7.3     $43.50 - $44.00   $ 43.80  
2009
    14.7     46.00 - 54.74     53.66  
2010
    15.0     54.74     54.74  
2011
    9.1     49.75 - 53.76     51.91  
2012
    2.1     46.30 - 46.70     46.40  
                     
      48.2         $ 51.86  
                     
 
The closing price of the Company’s common stock on September 30, 2007 was $49.67. Should the market value of the Company’s stock fall below certain initial trigger prices, the counterparty to the contract has a right to terminate the contract and settle all or a portion at the original contract price. For equity forward contracts outstanding at September 30, 2007, these initial trigger prices range from $23.93 per share to $30.11 per share.
 
Depending on market conditions and the economic terms negotiated with counterparties, the Company may enter into agreements to terminate certain of its equity forward purchase contracts. The Company anticipates that, if it were to enter into any such terminations, these contracts would likely be settled using the net cash settlement method. At any time, the Company may also repurchase shares in the open market, enter into new equity forward positions or utilize other programs that have similar economic results in connection with its share repurchase program.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
6.   Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income includes the after-tax change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, unrealized gains and losses on derivatives qualifying as cash flow hedges, and the defined benefit pension plans adjustment. The following table presents the cumulative balances of the components of other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and September 30, 2006.
 
                         
    September 30,
    December 31,
    September 30,
 
    2007     2006     2006  
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments(1)
  $ 237,349     $ 340,363     $ 473,671  
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives(2)
    (7,879 )     (7,570 )     (11,304 )
Defined benefit pension plans:
                       
Net prior service cost
    (23 )     (24 )      
Net gain
    15,905       16,342        
                         
Total defined benefit pension plans(3)
    15,882       16,318        
Minimum pension liability adjustment(4)
                (1,840 )
                         
Total accumulated other comprehensive income
  $ 245,352     $ 349,111     $ 460,527  
                         
 
 
  (1)  Net of tax expense of $123,928, $179,244 and $251,941 as of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and September 30, 2006, respectively.
 
  (2)  Net of tax benefit of $4,436, $4,347 and $6,512 as of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and September 30, 2006, respectively.
 
  (3)  Net of tax expense of $9,224 and $8,787 as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively.
 
  (4)  Net of tax benefit of $991 as of September 30, 2006.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
 
7.   Earnings (Loss) per Common Share
 
Basic earnings (loss) per common share (“EPS”) are calculated using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
Numerator:
                               
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock
  $ (353,034 )   $ 254,251     $ 711,341     $ 1,112,542  
Adjusted for debt expense of convertible debentures (“Co-Cos”), net of taxes(1)
          17,962             49,239  
Adjusted for non-taxable unrealized gains on equity forwards(2)
          (707 )           (3,528 )
                                 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock, adjusted
  $ (353,034 )   $ 271,506     $ 711,341     $ 1,158,253  
                                 
Denominator (shares in thousands):
                               
Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS
    412,944       410,034       411,958       411,212  
Effect of dilutive securities:
                               
Dilutive effect of Co-Cos
          30,312             30,312  
Dilutive effect of stock options, nonvested deferred compensation, nonvested restricted stock, restricted stock units, Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) and equity forwards(3)(4)
          9,495       8,347       10,488  
                                 
Dilutive potential common shares(5)
          39,807       8,347       40,800  
                                 
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS
    412,944       449,841       420,305       452,012  
                                 
Net earnings (loss) per share:
                               
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
  $ (.85 )   $ .62     $ 1.73     $ 2.71  
Dilutive effect of Co-Cos(1)
                      (.07 )
Dilutive effect of equity forwards(2)(4)
          (.01 )           (.01 )
Dilutive effect of stock options, nonvested deferred compensation, nonvested restricted stock, restricted stock units, and ESPP(3)
          (.01 )     (.04 )     (.07 )
                                 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
  $ (.85 )   $ .60     $ 1.69     $ 2.56  
                                 
 
 
(1)  Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 04-8, “The Effect of Contingently Convertible Debt on Diluted Earnings per Share,” requires the shares underlying Co-Cos to be included in diluted EPS computations regardless of whether the market price trigger or the conversion price has been met, using the “if-converted” method. On July 25, 2007, the Co-Cos were called at par.
 
(2)  SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share,” and the additional guidance provided by EITF Topic No. D-72, “Effect of Contracts That May Be Settled in Stock or Cash on the Computation of Diluted Earnings per Share,” require both the denominator and the numerator to be adjusted in calculating the potential impact of the Company’s equity forward contracts on diluted EPS. Under this guidance, the impact can be dilutive when: (1) the average share price during the period is lower than the respective strike prices on the Company’s equity forward contracts, and (2) the Company recorded an unrealized gain or loss on derivative and hedging activities related to its equity forward contracts.
 
(3)  Reflects the potential dilutive effect of additional common shares that are issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, nonvested deferred compensation, nonvested restricted stock, restricted stock units, and the outstanding commitment to issue shares under the ESPP, determined by the treasury stock method.
 
(4)  Reflects the potential dilutive effect of equity forward contracts, determined by the reverse treasury stock method.
 
(5)  For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, stock options and equity forwards of approximately 59 million shares and 60 million shares, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, stock options and equity forwards of approximately 60 million shares and 54 million shares, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were antidilutive.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
8.   Pension Plans
 
Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost
 
Net periodic pension cost included the following components:
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Nine Months Ended
 
    September 30,     September 30,  
    2007     2006     2007     2006  
 
Service cost — benefits earned during the period
  $ 1,775     $ 2,072     $ 5,325     $ 6,218  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligations
    3,083       2,862       9,251       8,586  
Expected return on plan assets
    (4,493 )     (4,070 )     (13,481 )     (12,208 )
Net amortization and deferral
    (180 )     123       (539 )     367  
                                 
Total net periodic pension cost
  $ 185     $ 987     $ 556     $ 2,963  
                                 
 
Employer Contributions
 
The Company previously disclosed in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2006 that it did not expect to contribute to its qualified pension plan (the “Qualified Plan”) in 2007. As of September 30, 2007, the Company had made no contributions to its Qualified Plan.
 
9.   Income Taxes
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits:
 
         
    As of January 1, 2007  
 
Gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits
  $ 113,334  
Total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate
    38,325  
Total amount of interest and penalties recognized in the statement of operations and the statement of financial position
    16,418  
 
The Company adopted the provisions of the FASB’s Financial Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN No. 48, the Company recognized a $6 million increase in its liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which was accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings. In addition, unrecognized tax benefits of $3 million are currently treated as a pending refund claim, reducing the above balance of total unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would affect the effective tax rate.
 
In the first and second quarters of 2007, the Company adjusted its federal unrecognized tax benefits to reflect the outcome of several issues that were addressed with the IRS as a part of the 2003-2004 exam cycle, primarily regarding the timing of recognition of certain income and deduction items. Several other less significant amounts of uncertain tax benefits were also added during these quarters and the third quarter of 2007. In total, as of September 30, 2007, the Company has gross unrecognized tax benefits of $189 million, unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate of $43 million, as well as total interest and penalties recognized in the statements of operations and financial position of $19 million.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
9.   Income Taxes (Continued)
 
Reasonably Possible Significant Increases/Decreases within Twelve Months
 
U.S. Federal Tax Uncertainties
 
The IRS issued a Revenue Agent’s Report (“RAR”) during the second quarter of 2007 concluding the primary exam of the Company’s 2003 and 2004 U.S. federal tax returns. However, the exam of these years remains open pending the conclusion of the separate IRS audit of an entity in which the Company is an investor (any results of which are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s unrecognized tax benefit amounts). In addition, during the third quarter of 2007, the Company filed an administrative-level appeal related to one unagreed item originating from the Company’s 2004 U.S. federal tax return. An estimate of the range of the possible change to the balance of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits that may result from resolution of the remaining unagreed item cannot at this time be made, pending further development of the appeals process.
 
In addition, the IRS is beginning the examination of the Company’s 2005 and 2006 federal income tax returns. It is reasonably possible that issues that arise during the exam may create the need for an increase in unrecognized tax benefits. Until the exam proceeds further, an estimate of any such amounts cannot currently be made.
 
Other Tax Uncertainties
 
In the event that the Company is not contacted for exam by additional tax authorities by the end of 2007, it is reasonably possible that there will be a decrease in the Company’s unrecognized tax position liability, due to the tolling of various statute of limitations periods. When considering both tax and interest amounts, such change could be approximately $5 million to $7 million.
 
Tax Years Remaining Subject to Exam
 
The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns at the U.S. federal level, in most U.S. states, and various foreign jurisdictions. U.S. federal income tax returns filed for years prior to 2003 have been audited and are now resolved. As shown in the table below, the Company’s primary operating subsidiary has been audited by the listed states through the year shown, again with all issues resolved. Other combinations of subsidiaries, tax years, and jurisdictions remain open for review, subject to statute of limitations periods (typically 3 to 4 prior years).
 
         
State
  Year audited through  
 
Florida
    2000  
Indiana
    2000  
Pennsylvania
    2000  
California
    2002  
Missouri
    2003  
New York
    2003  
Texas
    2004  
 
The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense and penalties in operating expenses.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
10.   Contingencies
 
On October 8, 2007, the Company filed a lawsuit in the Delaware Court of Chancery against the Buyer Group seeking a declaration that the Buyer Group repudiated the Merger Agreement, that no “Material Adverse Effect” (as defined in the Merger Agreement) has occurred and that the Company may terminate the agreement and collect the $900 million termination fee (see Note 12, “Merger-Related Developments”).
 
On April 6, 2007, the Company was served with a putative class action suit by several borrowers in federal court in California. The complaint, which was amended on April 12, 2007, alleges violations of California Business & Professions Code 17200, breach of contract, breach of covenant of good faith and fair dealing, violation of consumer legal remedies act and unjust enrichment. The complaint challenges the Company’s FFELP billing practices as they relate to use of the simple daily interest method for calculating interest. On June 19, 2007, the Company filed a Motion to Dismiss the amended complaint. On September 14, 2007, the court entered an order denying Sallie Mae’s Motion to Dismiss. The court did not comment on the merits of the allegations or the plaintiffs’ case but instead merely determined that the allegations stated a claim sufficient under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On September 17, 2007, the court entered a scheduling order that set July 8, 2008, as the start date for the trial. Discovery has commenced and is scheduled to continue through May 30, 2008. The Company believes these allegations lack merit and will continue to vigorously defend itself in this case. The Company filed an answer on September 28, 2007, denying any liability.
 
On January 25, 2007, the Attorney General of Illinois filed a lawsuit against one of the Company’s subsidiaries, Arrow Financial Services, LLC (“AFS”), in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois alleging that AFS violated the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Practices Act and the federal Fair Debt Collections Practices Act. The lawsuit seeks to enjoin AFS from violating the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Practices Act and from engaging in debt management and collection services in or from the State of Illinois. The lawsuit also seeks to rescind certain agreements to pay back debt between AFS and Illinois consumers, to pay restitution to all consumers who have been harmed by AFS’s alleged unlawful practices, to impose a statutory civil penalty of $50,000 and to impose a civil penalty of $50,000 per violation ($60,000 per violation if the consumer is 65 years of age or older). The lawsuit alleges that as of January 25, 2007, 660 complaints against AFS have been filed with the Office of the Illinois Attorney General since 1999 and over 800 complaints have been filed with the Better Business Bureau. As of September 30, 2007, the Company owned 88 percent of the membership interests in AFS Holdings, LLC, the parent company of AFS. Management cannot predict the outcome of this lawsuit or its effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
The Company is also subject to various claims, lawsuits and other actions that arise in the normal course of business. Most of these matters are claims by borrowers disputing the manner in which their loans have been processed or the accuracy of the Company’s reports to credit bureaus. In addition, the collections subsidiaries in the Company’s asset performance group are routinely named in individual plaintiff or class action lawsuits in which the plaintiffs allege that the Company has violated a federal or state law in the process of collecting their accounts. Management believes that these claims, lawsuits and other actions will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. Finally, from time to time, the Company receives information and document requests from state attorneys general and Congressional committees concerning certain of its business practices. The Company’s practice has been and continues to be to cooperate with the state attorneys general and Congressional committees and to be responsive to any such requests.


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
11.   Segment Reporting
 
The Company has two primary operating segments as defined in SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information” — the Lending operating segment and the Asset Performance Group (“APG”), formerly known as Debt Management Operations (“DMO”), operating segment. The Lending and APG operating segments meet the quantitative thresholds for reportable segments identified in SFAS No. 131. Accordingly, the results of operations of the Company’s Lending and APG business segments are presented below. The Company has smaller operating segments including the Guarantor Servicing, Student Loan Servicing, and Upromise operating segments as well as certain other products and services provided to colleges and universities that do not meet the quantitative thresholds identified in SFAS No. 131. Therefore, the results of operations for these smaller operating segments and the revenues and expenses associated with these other products and services are combined with corporate overhead and other corporate activities within the Corporate and Other reportable segment.
 
The management reporting process measures the performance of the Company’s operating segments based on the management structure of the Company as well as the methodology used by management to evaluate performance and allocate resources. Management, including the Company’s chief operating decision maker, evaluates the performance of the Company’s operating segments based on their profitability. As discussed further below, management measures the profitability of the Company’s operating segments based on “Core Earnings” net income. Accordingly, information regarding the Company’s reportable segments is provided on a “Core Earnings” basis. The Company’s “Core Earnings” performance measures are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. “Core Earnings” net income reflects only current period adjustments to GAAP net income as described below. Unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. The management reporting process measures the performance of the operating segments based on the management structure of the Company and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. The Company’s operating segments are defined by the products and services they offer or the types of customers they serve, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Intersegment revenues and expenses are netted within the appropriate financial statement line items consistent with the income statement presentation provided to management. Changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in reported segment financial information.
 
The Company’s principal operations are located in the United States, and its results of operations and long-lived assets in geographic regions outside of the United States are not significant. In the Lending segment, no individual customer accounted for more than 10 percent of its total revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. United Student Aid Funds, Inc. (“USA Funds”) is the Company’s largest customer in both the APG and Corporate and Other segments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, it accounted for 24 percent and 32 percent, respectively, of the aggregate revenues generated by the Company’s APG and Corporate and Other segments. No other customers accounted for more than 10 percent of total revenues in those segments for these reporting periods.
 
Lending
 
In the Company’s Lending operating segment, the Company originates and acquires both federally guaranteed student loans, which are administered by the U.S. Department of Education (“ED”), and Private Education Loans, which are not federally guaranteed. Private Education Loans are primarily used by borrowers to supplement FFELP loans to meet the rising cost of education. The Company manages student loans for


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
11.   Segment Reporting (Continued)
 
nearly 10 million student and parent customers; its Managed student loan portfolio totaled $160 billion at September 30, 2007, of which $132 billion or 83 percent are federally insured. In addition to education lending, the Company also originates mortgage and consumer loans with the intent of selling the majority of such loans. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company originated $769 million in mortgage and consumer loans of which $528 million were mortgages held for sale. The Company’s mortgage and consumer loan portfolio totaled $578 million at September 30, 2007.
 
In addition to its federally insured FFELP products, the Company originates and acquires Private Education Loans which consist of two general types: (1) those that are designed to bridge the gap between the cost of higher education and the amount financed through either capped federally insured loans or the borrowers’ resources, and (2) those that are used to meet the needs of students who attend non-Title IV eligible institutions where FFELP loans are not available (such as career training, distance learning and lifelong learning programs). Most higher education Private Education Loans are made in conjunction with a FFELP Stafford loan and as such are marketed through the same channel as FFELP loans by the same sales force. Unlike FFELP loans, Private Education Loans are subject to the full credit risk of the borrower. The Company manages this additional risk through loan underwriting standards and a combination of higher interest rates and loan origination fees that compensate the Company for the higher risk.
 
Asset Performance Group (“APG”)
 
The Company’s APG operating segment provides a wide range of accounts receivable and collections services including student loan default aversion services, defaulted student loan portfolio management services, contingency collections services for student loans and other asset classes, and accounts receivable management and collection for purchased portfolios of receivables that are delinquent or have been charged off by their original creditors, as well as sub-performing and non-performing mortgage loans. The Company’s APG segment serves the student loan marketplace through a broad array of default management services on a contingency fee or other pay-for-performance basis to 14 FFELP guarantors and for campus-based programs.
 
In addition to collecting on its own purchased consumer loan receivables and mortgage loans, the APG segment provides receivable management and collection services for large federal agencies, credit card clients and other holders of consumer debt.
 
Corporate and Other
 
The Company’s Corporate and Other reportable segment includes the aggregate activity of its smaller operating segments, primarily its Guarantor Servicing, Student Loan Servicing, and Upromise operating segments. The Corporate and Other reportable segment also includes several smaller products and services, as well as corporate overhead.
 
In the Guarantor Servicing operating segment, the Company provides a full complement of administrative services to FFELP guarantors including guarantee issuance, account maintenance, and guarantee fulfillment. In the Student Loan Servicing operating segment, the Company provides a full complement of activities required to service student loans on behalf of lenders who are unrelated to the Company. Such servicing activities generally commence once a loan has been fully disbursed and include sending out payment coupons to borrowers, processing borrower payments, originating and disbursing FFELP Consolidation Loans on behalf of the lender, and other administrative activities required by ED. In the Upromise operating segment, the


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
11.   Segment Reporting (Continued)
 
Company markets and administers saving-for-college plans and also provides administration services for college savings plans.
 
Corporate overhead includes all of the typical headquarter functions such as executive management, accounting and finance, human resources and marketing.
 
Measure of Profitability
 
The tables below include the condensed operating results for each of the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the chief operating decision maker, evaluates the Company on certain performance measures that the Company refers to as “Core Earnings” performance measures for each operating segment. While “Core Earnings” results are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, the Company relies on “Core Earnings” performance measures to manage each operating segment because it believes these measures provide additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management.
 
“Core Earnings” performance measures are the primary financial performance measures used by management to develop the Company’s financial plans, track results, and establish corporate performance targets and incentive compensation. Management believes this information provides additional insight into the financial performance of the core business activities of its operating segments. Accordingly, the tables presented below reflect “Core Earnings” operating measures reviewed and utilized by management to manage the business. Reconciliation of the “Core Earnings” segment totals to the Company’s consolidated operating results in accordance with GAAP is also included in the tables below.


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Table of Contents

 
SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
11.   Segment Reporting (Continued)
 
Segment Results and Reconciliations to GAAP
 
                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30, 2007  
                Corporate
    Total ‘‘Core
          Total
 
(Dollars in millions)
  Lending     APG     and Other     Earnings”     Adjustments(3)     GAAP  
 
Interest income:
                                               
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans
  $ 729     $     $     $ 729     $ (183 )   $ 546  
FFELP Consolidation Loans
    1,445                   1,445       (300 )     1,145  
Private Education Loans
    753                   753       (360 )     393  
Other loans
    26                   26             26  
Cash and investments
    251             6       257       (46 )     211  
                                                 
Total interest income
    3,204             6       3,210       (889 )     2,321  
Total interest expense
    2,534       7       5       2,546       (667 )     1,879  
                                                 
Net interest income (loss)
    670       (7 )     1       664       (222 )     442  
Less: provisions for loan losses
    200                   200       (57 )     143  
                                                 
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses
    470       (7 )     1       464       (165 )     299  
Fee income
          76       46       122             122  
Collections revenue
          53             53             53  
Other income
    46             63       109       (486 )     (377 )
                                                 
Total other income
    46       129       109       284       (486 )     (202 )
Operating expenses(1)
    164       94       79       337       19       356  
                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
    352       28       31       411       (670 )     (259 )
Income tax expense (benefit)(2)
    130       11       11       152       (67 )     85  
Minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
                                   
                                                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 222     $ 17     $ 20     $ 259     $ (603 )   $ (344 )
                                                 
 
 
(1) Operating expenses for the Lending, APG, and Corporate and Other reportable segments include $4 million, $2 million, and $2 million, respectively, of stock option compensation expense.
 
(2) Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for each individual reportable segment.
 
(3) “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:
 
                                         
    Three Months Ended September 30, 2007  
    Net Impact of
    Net Impact of
          Net Impact
       
    Securitization
    Derivative
    Net Impact of
    of Acquired
       
(Dollars in millions)
  Accounting     Accounting     Floor Income     Intangibles     Total  
 
Net interest income (loss)
  $ (215 )   $ 33     $ (40 )   $     $ (222 )
Less: provisions for loan losses
    (57 )                       (57 )
                                         
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses
    (158 )     33       (40 )           (165 )
Fee income
                             
Collections revenue
                             
Other income (loss)
    1       (487 )                 (486 )
                                         
Total other income (loss)
    1       (487 )                 (486 )
Operating expenses
                      19       19  
                                         
Total pre-tax “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP
  $ (157 )   $ (454 )   $ (40 )   $ (19 )     (670 )
                                         
Income tax benefit
                                    (67 )
Minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries
                                     
                                         
Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP
                                  $ (603 )
                                         


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SLM CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Information at September 30, 2007 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
11.   Segment Reporting (Continued)
 
                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30, 2006  
                Corporate
    Total ‘‘Core
          Total
 
(Dollars in millions)
  Lending     APG     and Other     Earnings”     Adjustments(3)     GAAP  
 
Interest income:
                                               
FFELP Stafford and Other Student Loans
  $ 702     $     $     $ 702     $ (337 )   $ 365  
FFELP Consolidation Loans
    1,242                   1,242       (326 )     916  
Private Education Loans
    558                   558       (303 )     255  
Other loans
    24                   24             24  
Cash and investments
    207             3       210       (69 )     141  
                                                 
Total interest income
    2,733             3       2,736       (1,035 )     1,701  
Total interest expense
    2,124       6       4       2,134       (771 )     1,363  
                                                 
Net interest income (loss)
    609       (6 )     (1 )     602       (264 )     338  
Less: provisions for loan losses
    80                   80       (13 )     67  
                                                 
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses
    529       (6 )     (1 )     522       (251 )     271  
Fee income
          122       39       161             161  
Collections revenue
          58             58             58  
Other income
    46             41       87       245       332