NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

April 30, 2010 and 2009

 

 

1.  ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Renhuang Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Renhuang”) and its subsidiaries.  Renhuang and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company.”

Renhuang was incorporated in the State of Nevada on August 18, 1988, originally under the corporate name of Solutions, Incorporated.  It was inactive until August 16, 1996, when it changed its corporate name to Suarro Communications, Inc, and engaged in the business of providing internet based business services.  This line of business was discontinued in 2006, and Renhuang became a non-operating public company.  Renhuang underwent a number of corporate name changes as follows:

June 1997	ComTech Consolidation Group, Inc
February 1999	E-Net Corporation
May 1999	E-Net Financial Corporation
January 2000	E-Net.Com Corporation
February 2000	E-Net Financial.Com Corporation
January 2002	Anza Capital, Inc (“Anza”)
June 2006	Renhuang Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Effective August 28, 2006, Renhuang completed the acquisition of 100% ownership of Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Company Limited, a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands.  As a result, Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Company Limited became a wholly owned subsidiary of Renhuang.

Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Company Limited owns 100% of the registered capital of Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd (“Renhuang China”).

The core activities of subsidiaries included in the consolidated financial statements are as follow:

·	Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Company Limited – Investment holding.
·	Renhuang China – Development, manufacturing and distribution of pharmaceutical products.

Renhuang China’s principal country of operations is the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) and maintains their accounting records in Renminbi (“RMB”).  Substantially all of the Company’s assets and operation are located in the PRC.

2.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation of financial statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and related notes.  The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes thereto for the year ended October 31, 2009, which are included in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on January 29, 2010.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the balance sheets of Renhuang Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of April 30, 2010, the results of their operations for the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, and their cash flows for the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.  The results of operations for the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are expressed in terms of US dollars.

 

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.  This statement modifies the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) hierarchy by establishing only two levels of GAAP, authoritative and nonauthoritative accounting literature. Effective July 2009, the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), also known collectively as the “Codification,” is considered the single source of authoritative U.S. accounting and reporting standards, except for additional authoritative rules and interpretive releases issued by the SEC.  Nonauthoritative guidance and literature would include, among other things, FASB Concepts Statements, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Issue Papers and Technical Practice Aids and accounting textbooks. The Codification was developed to organize GAAP pronouncements by topic so that users can more easily access authoritative accounting guidance.  It is organized by topic, subtopic, section, and paragraph, each of which is identified by a numerical designation.  This statement applies beginning in third quarter 2009.  All accounting references have been updated, and therefore SFAS references have been replaced with ASC references.

The Company operates in one operating segment in accordance with accounting guidance FASB ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting.” Our CEO has been identified as the chief operating decision maker as defined by FASB ASC Topic 280.

Principles of consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Renhuang and its subsidiaries.

All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Effective beginning second quarter 2009, the FASB Topic 810, “Consolidation Topic,” revised the accounting treatment for noncontrolling minority interests of partially-owned subsidiaries.  Noncontrolling minority interests represent the portion of earnings that is not within the parent company’s control. These amounts are now required to be reported as equity instead of as a liability on the balance sheet.  In addition this statement requires net income from noncontrolling minority interest to be shown separately on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.  As the Company has no noncontrolling interest at April 30, 2010, this change did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.  

 

Use of estimates

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affected the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reported periods.

Significant estimates and assumptions by management include, among others, uncollectible accounts receivable, slow moving, obsolete and/or damaged inventory, property and equipment, reserve for employee benefit obligations, stock warrant valuation, and other uncertainties. Actual results may differ from these estimates.  The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions.

Foreign currency translation

The Company’s principal country of operations is the PRC. The financial position and results of operations of the subsidiaries are determined using the local currency (“Renminbi” or “RMB”) as the functional currency.

Translation of amounts from RMB into US dollars for reporting purposes is performed by translating the results of operations denominated in foreign currency at the weighted average rate of exchange during the reporting period. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the market rate of exchange ruling at that date. The registered equity capital denominated in the functional currency is translated at the historical rate of exchange at the time of capital contribution. All translation adjustments resulting from the translation of the financial statements into the reporting currency (US dollars) are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.

As of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 the exchange rate was RMB6.84 and RMB6.82, respectively. Translation adjustment totaled ($162,404) and $79,271 for the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and ($159,889) and $14,168 for the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions, which have original maturities less than three months.  There are no restriction to cash at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009.   Substantially all of the Company’s cash is held in bank accounts in the PRC and is not protected by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance or any other similar insurance.  Given the current economic environment and risks in the banking industry, there is a risk that deposits may not be readily available.

Trade receivables, net

Trade receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Trade receivable payment terms vary and amounts due from customers are stated in the financial statements net of an allowance for doubtful accounts and sales rebates. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses inherent in its trade receivables.  Trade receivables outstanding longer than the payment terms are considered past due. The Company determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time the trade receivable is past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the counter party’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company writes off receivables when they are deemed uncollectible, and payments subsequently received on such trade receivables are credited to the allowance for doubtful accounts.  There were no write offs for the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.  The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

 

Inventory, net

Inventory consists of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods and is valued at the lower of cost or market value. The value of inventory is determined using the weighted average cost method and includes any related production overhead costs incurred in bringing the inventory to their present location and condition. Overhead costs included in finished goods include, direct labor cost and other costs directly applicable to the manufacturing process.

The Company estimates an inventory allowance for excessive, slow moving and obsolete inventories as well as inventory whose carrying value is in excess of net realizable value.  Inventory amounts are reported net of such allowances.  There were no inventory write offs for the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.

6

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

April 30, 2010 and 2009

 

 

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized and minor replacements, maintenance, and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results of operations for the respective period.

Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method.  The estimated useful lives for significant property, plant and equipment categories are as follows:

Machinery and equipment	10 years
Office equipment and furnishings	5-10 years
Motor vehicles	5-10 years

 

 Long-lived assets

The Company’s long-lived assets and other assets (consisting of property and equipment) are reviewed for impairment in accordance with the guidance of the FASB Topic ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” and FASB ASC Topic 205 “Presentation of Financial Statements.”  The Company tests for impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of an asset to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Impairment evaluations involve management’s estimates on asset useful lives and future cash flows.  Actual useful lives and cash flows could be different from those estimated by management which could have a material effect on our reporting results and financial positions.  Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. Through the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had not experienced impairment losses on its long-lived assets. However, there can be no assurances that demand for the Company’s products or services will continue, which could result in an impairment of long-lived assets in the future.

Warrant liability

On March 25, 2010, the Company issued warrants (the “Warrants”) for 160,000 common shares to a service provider that have an exercise price of $2.00 per share and a contractual life of 3 years.  The terms of the Warrant agreement include the following factors that in accordance with FASB Topic ASC 815, requires that the Warrants be classified at their fair value to liabilities each reporting period.

·

The holder of the Warrants (the “Holder”) is entitled to the benefits of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit the Holder to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration.  Non compliance with such rules and regulations could result in the Company having to settle the Warrant obligation in cash.

·

The exercise price and number of shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (the “Warrant Shares”) are subject to adjustment for standard dilutive events, including the issuance of common stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for shares of common stock, that will adversely affect the Holder’s rights under the Warrants.  There were no dilutive events in the three and six months ended April 31, 2010, which would have resulted in an adjustment to the exercise price or number of Warrant Shares.

At April 31, 2010, the fair value of the Company’s warrants liability was $342,770.  The Company used the Black-Scholes valuation model to estimate the fair value of the Warrants.  The valuation was based on the assumptions noted in the following table.

Expected volatility			205.3	%
Expected dividends			0	%
Expected term (in years)	3 years
Risk-free rate			1.69	%

Fair value of financial instruments

The Company applies the provisions of accounting guidance, FASB Topic ASC 825 that requires all entities to disclose the fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recognized and not recognized on the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value, and defines fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties.  As of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 the carrying value of cash, trade receivables, other receivables, accounts payable, and warrant liability approximated their fair value.

Fair value measurements

Effective April 1, 2009, the FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in quarterly reports as well as in annual reports.  

 

The FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” clarifies the definition of fair value for financial reporting, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures about the use of fair value measurements.

Various inputs are considered when determining the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments. The inputs or methodologies used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in these securities.  These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.

·

Level 1 – observable market inputs that are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

·

Level 2 – other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, credit risk, etc…).

·

Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs (including the Company’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of financial instruments).

The Company’s adoption of FASB ASC Topic 825 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value is measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value when a significant event occurs. The Company had no financial assets or liabilities carried and measured on a nonrecurring basis during the reporting periods. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value each time a financial statement is prepared.

 

The availability of inputs observable in the market varies from instrument to instrument and depends on a variety of factors including the type of instrument, whether the instrument is actively traded, and other characteristics particular to the transaction. For many financial instruments, pricing inputs are readily observable in the market, the valuation methodology used is widely accepted by market participants, and the valuation does not require significant management discretion. For other financial instruments, pricing inputs are less observable in the market and may require management judgment.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition,” which states that revenue should be recognized when the following criteria are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) the service has been rendered; (3) the selling price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured.

Interest income is recognized when earned, taking into account the average principal amounts outstanding and the interest rates applicable.

As of April 30, 2010, the Company has no sales or contracts that included multiple deliverables that would fall under the scope of FASB Topic ASC 605, “ Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements – A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force.”

The Company provided annual sales rebates to its distributors based upon sales volumes.  Sales rebates are recorded as a current liability at the time of the sale based upon the Company’s estimates of whether each customer would be entitled to rebates for the period.  At quarter end, the accrued rebate amount is adjusted to the actual amount earned and reclassified to trade receivables in accordance with legal right of offset.  Sales rebates were deducted from sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, the Company has accrued $1,406,774 and $3,020,898, respectively, for sales rebates.   For the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company has deducted sales rebates in the amount of $1,506,022 and $2,024,221, respectively, from sales.  For the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company has deducted sales rebates in the amount of $3,908,976 and $5,190,049, respectively, from sales.  Sales rebates are calculated based on terms specified in contracts with individual distributors.

Sales returns and allowances

The Company does not allow return of products except for products that were damaged during shipment. The total amount of returned product is less than 0.05% of total sales. The cost of damaged products is netted against sales and cost of goods sold, respectively.

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold primarily consists of direct and indirect manufacturing costs, including production overhead costs, shipping and handling costs for the products sold.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing costs consist primarily of advertising and market promotion expenses, and other overhead expenses incurred by the Company’s sales and marketing personnel. Advertising expenses amounted to $1,228,891 and $1,097,567 during the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively and $2,328,766 and $1,390,251 during the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Research and development

Research and development (“R&D”) costs are expensed as incurred.

Employee benefit costs

According to the PRC regulations on pension, a company contributes to a defined contribution retirement plan organized by municipal government in the province in which the Renhuang China was registered and all qualified employees are eligible to participate in the plan. Contributions to the plan are calculated at 20% of the employees’ salaries above a fixed threshold amount, employees contribute 4% and the Renhuang China contributes the balance of 16%.

Share-based compensation

 

For purposes of determining the variables used in the calculation of stock compensation expense under the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 505, “Equity” and FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation — Stock Compensation,” we perform an analysis of current market data and historical Company data to calculate an estimate of implied volatility, the expected term of the option and the expected forfeiture rate. With the exception of the expected forfeiture rate, which is not an input, we use these estimates as variables in the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Depending upon the number of stock options granted, any fluctuations in these calculations could have a material effect on the results presented in our condensed consolidated statement of income and other comprehensive income. In addition, any differences between estimated forfeitures and actual forfeitures could also have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

Share-based compensation amounted to $14,250 and $0 in the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively and $16,594 and $0 in the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Taxation

Taxation on profits earned in the PRC has been calculated on the estimated assessable profits for the year at the rates of taxation prevailing in the PRC in which the Company operates after taking into effect the benefits from any special tax credits or “tax holidays” allowed in the country of operations.

The Company accounts for income tax under the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of the events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant temporary differences between tax and financial statements bases of assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are established against net deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company does not have any long-term deferred tax assets or liabilities in China that will exist once the tax holiday expires. The Company does not have any significant deferred tax asset or liabilities that relate to tax jurisdictions not covered by the tax holiday.

The Company does not accrue United States income tax on unremitted earnings from foreign operations, as it is the Company’s intention to invest these earnings in the foreign operations indefinitely.

Generally, years beginning after fiscal 2006, the Company is open to examination by PRC taxing authorities.  In the United States, we are open to examination from 2006 onward.

Enterprise income tax

On March 16, 2007, the PRC National People’s Congress passed the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law (“New EIT Law”) which became effective on January 1, 2008.  Pursuant to the New EIT Law, a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25 percent and unified tax deduction standards will be applied consistently to both domestic-invested enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises.  However, the New EIT Law repealed most of the existing preferential tax rates and tax holidays.  A five-year transition period is allowed for enterprises that obtained preferential tax treatment under the prior tax regime.  Under the prior tax regime, foreign-invested enterprises were generally subject to a 30 percent federal tax rate plus a 3 percent local tax rate for a total tax rate of 33 percent.

Renhuang China secured preferential tax treatment in the jurisdiction where it conducts its manufacturing activity, where it was granted tax holiday from the local government, for being a new and high-technology enterprise.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets, including tax loss and credit carryforwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax expense represents the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current and noncurrent based on their characteristics. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

A provision has not been made at April 30, 2010 for U.S. or additional foreign withholding taxes on approximately $46,389,883 of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries because it is the present intention of management to reinvest the undistributed earnings indefinitely in foreign operations. Generally, such earnings become subject to U.S. tax upon the remittance of dividends and under certain other circumstances. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of deferred tax liability on such undistributed earnings.

The Company recognizes that virtually all tax positions in the PRC are not free of some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy changes by the State. However, the Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance issued by current State officials.

Based on all known facts and circumstances and current tax law, the Company believes that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of April 30, 2010, is not material to its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The Company also believes that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of October 31, 2009, if recognized, would not have a material effect on its effective tax rate. The Company further believes that there are no tax positions for which it is reasonably possible, based on current Chinese tax law and policy, that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease over the next 12 months producing, individually or in the aggregate, a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. 

Value added tax

The Provisional Regulations of The People’s Republic of China Concerning Value Added Tax promulgated by the State Council came into effect on January 1, 1994. Under these regulations and the Implementing Rules of the Provisional Regulations of the PRC Concerning Value Added Tax, value added tax is imposed on goods sold in or imported into the PRC and on processing, repair and replacement services provided within the PRC.

Value added tax payable in The People’s Republic of China is charged on an aggregated basis at a rate of 13% or 17% (depending on the type of goods involved) on the full price collected for the goods sold or, in the case of taxable services provided, at a rate of 17% on the charges for the taxable services provided, but excluding, in respect of both goods and services, any amount paid in respect of value added tax included in the price or charges, and less any deductible value added tax already paid by the taxpayer on purchases of goods and services in the same financial year.

Comprehensive Income

Total comprehensive income is defined as all changes in shareholders’ equity during a period, other than those resulting from investments by and distributions to shareholders (i.e., issuance of equity securities and dividends).  Generally, for the Company, total comprehensive income equals net income plus or minus adjustments for currency translation.  Total comprehensive income represents the activity for a period net of related tax and was $3,257,244 and $2,177,824 for the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively and $10,642,888 and $8,379,452 for the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

While total comprehensive income is the activity in a period and is largely driven by net earnings in that period, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss (“AOCI”) represents the cumulative balance of other comprehensive income as of the balance sheet date.  For the Company, AOCI is primarily the cumulative balance related to the currency adjustments and decreased overall equity by $159,889 as of April 30, 2010 and increased overall equity by $14,168 as of April 30, 2009.

Earnings per share

Basic net earnings per common stock is computed by dividing net earnings applicable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net earnings per common stock is determined using the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents, using the treasury stock method, consisting of shares that might be issued upon exercise of common stock warrants. In periods where losses are reported, the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding excludes common stock equivalents, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding.  Earnings per share, assuming dilution, is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding adjusted for the effects of common stock that may be issued as a result of the following types of potentially dilutive instruments:

 

–

warrants,

–	employee stock options, and

–	other equity awards, which include long-term incentive awards.

The FASB Topic ASC 260, “Earnings per Share,” requires the Company to include additional shares in the computation of earnings per share, assuming dilution.  The additional shares included in diluted earnings per share represent the number of shares that would be issued if all of the Company’s outstanding dilutive instruments were converted into common stock.

 

12

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Diluted earnings per share are based on the assumption that all dilutive options were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options are assumed to be exercised at the time of issuance, and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period.

 

Warrants

The Company evaluates its warrants on an ongoing basis considering the accounting guidance of FASB Topic ASC 825, which establishes standards for issuers of financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity related to the classification and measurement of those instruments. The warrants are evaluated considering the accounting guidance of FASB Topic ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities.  

Freestanding financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity

In accordance with accounting guidance FASB Topic ASC 825, the Company accounts for financial instruments as a liability if it embodies an obligation to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares, or is indexed to such an obligation, and that requires or may require the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets. Freestanding financial instruments are financial instruments that are entered into separately and apart from any of the entity’s other financial instruments or equity transactions, or that is entered into in conjunction with some other transaction and is legally detachable and separately exercisable. The liability recorded is the per share price to be paid and is offset to equity.  As of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, there were no financial instruments recorded as liability.

3.  ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ASU No. 2010-09 (ASC Topic 855), which amends Subsequent Events Recognition and Disclosures, ASU No. 2009-16 (ASC Topic 860), which amends Accounting for Transfer of Financial Assets, ASU No. 2009-05 (ASC Topic 820), which amends Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures - Overall, ASU No. 2009-08, Earnings per Share, ASU No. 2009-12 (ASC Topic 820), Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share, and various other ASU’s No. 2009-2 through ASU No. 2010-19 which contain technical corrections to existing guidance or affect guidance to specialized industries or entities were recently issued. These updates have no current applicability to the Company, or their effect on the financial statements would not have been significant.

 

In April 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, 2010-17, Revenue Recognition—Milestone Method (Topic 605): “Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition—a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force.”  This is an update regarding the milestone method of revenue recognition. The scope of this update is limited to arrangements that include milestones relating to research or development deliverables. The update specifies criteria that must be met for a vendor to recognize consideration that is contingent upon achievement of a substantive milestone in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. The criteria apply to milestones in arrangements within the scope of this update regardless of whether the arrangement is determined to have single or multiple deliverables or units of accounting. The update will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after June 15, 2010. Early application is permitted. Companies can apply this guidance prospectively to milestones achieved after adoption. However, retrospective application to all prior periods is also permitted. This update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In March 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, 2010-13, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): “Effect of Denominating the Exercise Price of a Share-Based Payment Award in the Currency of the Market in Which the Underlying Equity Security Trades—a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force.”  This is an update regarding the effect of denominating the exercise price of a share-based payment awards in the currency of the market in which the underlying equity securities trades and that currency is different from (1) entity’s functional currency, (2) functional currency of the foreign operation for which the employee provides services, and (3) payroll currency of the employee. The update clarifies that an employee share-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity securities trades should be considered an equity award assuming all other criteria for equity classification are met. The update will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010, and will be applied prospectively. Affected entities will be required to record a cumulative catch-up adjustment for all awards outstanding as of the beginning of the annual period in which the guidance is adopted. This update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In March, 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, 2010-11, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): “Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives.”  This update clarifies the type of embedded credit derivative that is exempt from embedded derivative bifurcation requirements. Specifically, only one form of embedded credit derivative qualifies for the exemption – one that is related only to the subordination of one financial instrument to another. As a result, entities that have contracts containing an embedded credit derivative feature in a form other than such subordination may need to separately account for the embedded credit derivative feature. This update also has transition provisions, which permit entities to make a special one-time election to apply the fair value option to any investment in a beneficial interest in securitized financial assets, regardless of whether such investments contain embedded derivative features. This update is effective on the first day of the first fiscal quarter beginning after June 15, 2010. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of any fiscal quarter beginning after March 5, 2010. This update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements

In January 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, 2010-06, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820): “Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements.”  This update provides guidance to improve disclosures about fair value measurements. This guidance amends previous guidance on fair value measurements to add new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements relating to Level 3 measurement on a gross basis rather than on a net basis as currently required. This update also clarifies existing fair value disclosures about the level of disaggregation and about inputs and valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the requirement to provide the Level 3 activities of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis, which will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Early application is permitted and, in the period of initial adoption, entities are not required to provide the amended disclosures for any previous periods presented for comparative purposes. The adoption of this update did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In October 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605): “ Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements – A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force.” This update provides application guidance on whether multiple deliverables exist, how the deliverables should be separated and how the consideration should be allocated to one or more units of accounting. This update establishes a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. The selling price used for each deliverable will be based on vendor-specific objective evidence, if available, third-party evidence if vendor-specific objective evidence is not available, or estimated selling price if neither vendor-specific or third-party evidence is available. The Company will be required to apply this guidance prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified after January 1, 2011; however, earlier application is permitted. The Company has not determined the impact that this update may have on its financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued guidance related to accounting for transfers of financial assets. This guidance improves the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a transfer of financial assets; the effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial performance and cash flows; and a continuing interest in transferred financial assets. In addition, this guidance amends various ASC concepts with respect to accounting for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities, including removing the concept of qualified special purpose entities.   This guidance must be applied to transfers occurring on or after the effective date. On February 1, 2010, the Company adopted this guidance.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued guidance which amends certain ASC concepts related to consolidation of variable interest entities. Among other accounting and disclosure requirements, this guidance replaces the quantitative-based risks and rewards calculation for determining which enterprise has a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity with an approach focused on identifying which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity and the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. On February 1, 2010, the Company adopted this guidance.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

 

4.  CONCENTRATIONS OF BUSINESS AND CREDIT RISK

The Company conducts all of its primary trade in the PRC.  There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully conduct its trade, and failure to do so would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Also, the success of the Company’s operations is subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general economic conditions, price of raw material, competition, governmental and political conditions, and changes in regulations. Because the Company is dependent on foreign trade in the PRC, the Company is subject to various additional political, economic and other uncertainties. Among other risks, the Company’s operations will be subject to risk of restrictions on transfer of funds, domestic and international customs, changing taxation policies, foreign exchange restrictions, and political and governmental regulations.

(1) Cash and cash equivalents

The Company maintains certain bank accounts in the PRC which are not protected by FDIC insurance or other insurance.  Cash balance held in PRC bank accounts to $23,391,609 and $8,111,514, as of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, respectively.  No cash balances were restricted as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009.

As of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held by major financial institutions located in the PRC which management believes are of high credit quality.

(2) Sales and trade receivables

The Company provides credit in the normal course of business and substantially all customers are located in the PRC.  The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for doubtful accounts based on factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, and other information.  Three individual customers accounted for 10%-12% of net revenues during the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.

 

The Company’s products are sold throughout the PRC. For three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, Siberian Ginseng (Acanthopanax) Series accounted for 41% and 53%, respectively, of total sales.  For six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, Siberian Ginseng (Acanthopanax) Series accounted for 44% and 54%, respectively, of total sales.

(3) Foreign currency

The Company operates in China, which may give rise to significant foreign currency risks from fluctuations and the degree of volatility of foreign exchange rates between U.S. dollars and the Chinese currency RMB.

15

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(4) Dividends

Payments of dividends may be subject to some restrictions due to the fact that the operating activities are conducted in a subsidiary residing in the PRC.

(5) Price control

The retail prices of certain pharmaceuticals sold in China, primarily those included in the national and provincial Medical Insurance Catalogs are subject to price controls in the form of fixed prices or price ceilings. As such, the retail prices for certain of the Company’s pharmaceutical products can be adjusted downward or upward from time to time. Price controls did not have a material impact on the Company’s operation in the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009.

(6) Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold is subject to price fluctuations due to various factors beyond the Company’s control, including, among other pertinent factors, inflation and changes in governmental regulations and programs.  The Company expects cost of goods sold will continue to fluctuate and be affected by inflation in the future.  The Company’s raw materials are purchased from various independent suppliers, and do not rely on any one supplier.

 

5.           INCOME TAXES

Taxation on profits earned in the PRC has been calculated on the estimated assessable profits for the year at the rates of taxation prevailing in the PRC in which the Company operates after taking into effect the benefits from any special tax credits or “tax holidays” allowed in the country of operations.  If the Company did not have tax holiday, the effects of the tax per share were as follows:

	Three months ended April 30,			Six months ended April 30,
	2010	2009		2010	2009
	US$	US$		US$	US$
Tax savings	854,912	524,638		2,700,694	2,091,321
Benefit per share:
Basic	0.02	0.01		0.07	0.06
Diluted	0.02	0.01		0.07	0.06

Had the tax exemption not been in place for the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company estimates the following proforma financial statement impact:

	Three months ended April 30,			Six months ended April 30,
	2010	2009		2010	2009
	US$	US$		US$	US$
Net income before tax provision, as reported	3,419,648	2,098,553		10,802,777	8,365,284
Less Tax savings	(854,912)	(524,638)		(2,700,694)	( 2,091,321)
Proforma Net income	2,564,736	1,573,915		8,102,083	6,273,963
Proforma Net income per share:
Basic	0.07	0.04		0.22	0.18
Diluted	0.07	0.04		0.21	0.18

6.           EARNINGS PER SHARE

When calculating diluted earnings per share for common stock equivalents, the Earnings Per Share Topic, ASC 260, requires the Company to include the potential shares that would be outstanding if all outstanding stock options or warrants were exercised.   This is offset by shares the Company could repurchase using the proceeds from these hypothetical exercises to obtain the common stock equivalent.

The following reconciles the components of the EPS computation:

		Income				Shares				Per Share
		(Numerator)				(Denominator)				Amount
		US$								US$
For the three months ended April 30, 2010:
Net income		3,419,648
Basic EPS income available to common shareholders			3,419,648				37,239,536				0.09
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options							27,235
Warrants			-				650,369
Diluted EPS income available to common shareholders			3,419,648				37,917,140				0.09
For the three months ended April 30, 2009:
Net income			2,098,553
Basic EPS income available to common shareholders			2,098,553				35,096,680				0.06
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options			-				-
Warrants			-				-
Diluted EPS income available to common shareholders			2,098,553				35,096,680				0.06

For the three months ended April 30, 2010, 70,000 share options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise price exceeded the average price of the Company’s common stock.

For the three months ended April 30, 2009, there were no securities or other contracts to issue common stock that need to be considered in the diluted earnings per share calculation.

		Income				Shares				Per Share
		(Numerator)				(Denominator)				Amount
		US$								US$
For the six months ended April 30, 2010:
Net income		10,802,777
Basic EPS income available to common shareholders			10,802,777				37,239,536				0.29
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options							10,721
Warrants			-				473,957
Diluted EPS income available to common shareholders			10,802,777				37,724,214				0.29
For the six months ended April 30, 2009:
Net income			8,365,284
Basic EPS income available to common shareholders			8,365,284				35,096,680				0.24
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options			-				-
Warrants			-				-
Diluted EPS income available to common shareholders			8,365,284				35,096,680				0.24

For the six months ended April 30, 2010, 70,000 share options and 160,000 warrants were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise price exceeded the average price of the Company’s common stock.

For the six months ended April 30, 2009, there were no securities or other contracts to issue common stock that need to be considered in the diluted earnings per share calculation.

7.           TRADE RECEIVABLES, NET

The trade receivables amount included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 were as follows:

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Trade receivables			16,749,583				26,667,816
Less: Sales rebates			(1,406,774	)			(3,020,898	)
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts			(442,264	)			(443,508	)
Trade receivables, net			14,900,545				23,203,410

8.           OTHER RECEIVABLES, NET

The other receivables amount included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 were as follows:

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Other receivables			523,922				462,980
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts			(359,356	)			(360,367	)
Other receivables, net			164,566				102,613

9.           INVENTORY, NET

The inventory amounts included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 comprised of:

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Raw materials			1,553,130				1,530,283
Work-in-progress			901,611				1,006,984
Finished goods			544,241				550,982
Less:  Inventory reserves			(64,054	)			(64,233	)
Inventory, net			2,934,928				3,024,016

10.           PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation as of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 were as follows:

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Machinery and equipment			3,425,788				3,435,421
Office equipment and furnishings			54,595				53,086
Motor vehicles			52,937				54,749
			3,533,320				3,543,256
Less: Accumulated depreciation			(1,368,600	)			(1,191,093	)
Net book value			2,164,720				2,352,163

Depreciation expense for the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 was $90,477 and $88,760, respectively, of which $86,578 and $85,039 were included as a component of cost of goods sold in the respective periods.  

Depreciation expense for the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 was $181,076 and $177,224, respectively, of which $173,365 and $169,844 were included as a component of cost of goods sold in the respective periods.  

No assets were pledged for borrowings as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009.

11.	RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Due from related parties included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 comprised of:

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Due from related parties:
Advances (1)			-				130,199
Deposits (2)			20,020,367				16,137,000
Total			20,020,367				16,267,199

(1) Advances

Mr. Li Shaoming, our chairman, chief executive officer and president, is also chairman and a 50% shareholder of Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Stock Co. Ltd (“Stock Co”).

As of October 31, 2009, the Company has a net amount due from Stock Co, of $130,199.  This amount consists of $539,130 of repair and maintenance work performed on property and plant leased from Stock Co and paid for on Stock Co’s behalf.  This is offset by $408,931 of professional fees in connection with the acquisition of Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Company Limited in 2006, paid for by Stock Co on the Company’s behalf.  During the quarter ended January 31, 2010, the Company received from Stock Co, a cash payment of $539,130 resulting in a balance of $408,931 due to Stock Co, which was settled in the quarter ended April 30, 2010.

(2) Deposits

On September 1, 2009, the Company through its wholly own subsidiary, Renhuang China, entered into a Purchase Agreement with Stock Co, to acquire two production patents, for a total consideration of $2,340,619.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, a payment of $1,467,000 was made to Stock Co, in October 2009 and $1,462,887 and $1,467,000 was recorded as deposits on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, respectively.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, final payment of $877,732 is due by December 31, 2010, at which time title for the assets will be transferred.  Accordingly the transaction is considered incomplete as at April 30, 2010.

On October 12, 2009, the Company through its wholly own subsidiary, Renhuang China, entered into a Purchase Agreement with Stock Co, to acquire the land use right, property and plant, for a total consideration of $23,406,185.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, a payment of $14,670,000 was made to Stock Co, in October 2009 and $14,628,866 and $14,670,000 was recorded as deposits on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, respectively.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, final payment of $8,777,319 is due by December 31, 2011, at which time title for the assets will be transferred.  Accordingly the transaction is considered incomplete as at April 30, 2010.

On April 10, 2010, the Company through its wholly own subsidiary, Renhuang China, entered into a Purchase Agreement with Hongxiangmingyuan of Heilongjiang Yongtai Company, to acquire two office floors for a total consideration of $5,612,306.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, a payment of $3,928,614 was made in April 2010 and recorded as deposits on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, final payment of $1,683,692 is due by December 20, 2012, at which time title for the assets will be transferred.  Accordingly the transaction is considered incomplete as at April 30, 2010.

(3) Related party transactions

The Company leases property and plant from Stock Co.  Rental expenses related to this lease, incurred and expensed to condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income during the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $153,612 and $153,600, respectively, during the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $307,224 and $307,200, respectively.

During the three and six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company sold goods in the amount of $0 and $375,000, respectively, to Heilongjiang Renhuang Pharmaceutical Limited, a company where Mr. Li Shaoming is a major shareholder.

12.           EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

The full-time employees of the Company’s subsidiary that is incorporated in the PRC are entitled to staff welfare benefits, including medical care, welfare subsidies, unemployment insurance and pension benefits. The PRC companies are required to accrue for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ salaries in accordance with the relevant regulations, and to make contributions to the state-sponsored pension and medical plans out of the amounts accrued for medical and pension benefits. The total amounts expensed to the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for such employee benefits amounted to approximately $99,593 and $103,632 for the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively and $204,556 and $216,546 for the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The PRC government is responsible for the medical benefits and ultimate pension liability to these employees.

13.          ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE

At April 30, 2010, the Company had no assets measured at fair value and the following liabilities measured at fair value:

Fair value measurement

Quoted prices in active markets of identical assets (Level 1)

Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)

Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)

US$

US$

US$

Warrants liability

-

342,770

At October 31, 2009, the Company had no assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

14.           PREFERRED STOCK, COMMON STOCK AND EQUITY TRANSACTIONS

(1)  Preferred Stock

The Company’s articles of incorporation provide that our board of directors will be authorized to issue from time to time, without further stockholder approval, up to 1,000,000 additional shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix or alter the designations, preferences, rights and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of the shares of each series, including the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, rights of redemption, including sinking fund provisions, redemption price or prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or designations of any series. Such shares of preferred stock could have preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends and liquidation rights.  As at April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009, there is no preferred stock outstanding.

(2)  Common Stock and Equity Transactions

During the three and six months ended April 30, 2010, the Company recorded $11,589 and $13,933, respectively, of share-based compensation expense in connection with an option to purchase 50,000 shares valued at $47,527 granted to an employee on January 13, 2010.

During the three and six months ended April 30, 2010, the Company recorded $2,661 of share-based compensation expense in connection with an option to purchase 70,000 shares valued at $171,397 granted to an independent director on April 13, 2010.

15.           OPTION PLAN AND WARRANTS

(1)  2003 Omnibus Plan

 

On February 28, 2003, our board of directors approved the Renhuang Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2003 Omnibus Securities Plan (the “2003 Plan”), which was approved by our shareholders on April 11, 2003. The 2003 Plan offers selected employees, directors, and consultants an opportunity to acquire our common stock, and serves to encourage such persons to remain employed by us and to attract new employees. The 2003 Plan allows for the award of stock and options, up to 25,000 (after giving effect to the 1-for-30 reverse stock split in 2006) shares of our common stock. On May 1, of each year, the number of shares in the 2003 Securities Plan is automatically adjusted to an amount equal to ten percent of our outstanding stock on April 30, of the immediately preceding year. As of April 30, 2010, the number of shares of common stock outstanding was 37,239,536 making 3,723,954 shares of common stock subject to the 2003 Plan.

On April 13, 2010, an option to purchase 70,000 shares was granted under the 2003 Plan to an independent director that vests on a quarterly basis from the date of grant, conditioned upon continued service on such quarterly dates, and have a contractual life of 3 years.  The fair value of the option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model to be $171,397, of which $2,661 was recorded as compensation expense in the three and six months ended April 30, 2010.  The valuation was based on the assumptions noted in the following table.

Expected volatility			227.9	%
Expected dividends			0	%
Expected term (in years)	3 years
Risk-free rate			1.65	%

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect for the expected term of the option at the time of grant.  The dividend yield on our common stock is assumed to be zero since we do not pay dividends and have no current plans to pay them in the future.  The market price volatility of our common stock was based on historical volatility since April 13, 2009.  Our methodology is consistent with prior period volatility assumptions.  The expected life of the options is based upon our anticipated expectations of exercise behavior since no options have been exercised in the past to provide relevant historical data.

(2)  2007 Non-Qualified Company Stock Grant and Option Plan

On March 19, 2007, our board of directors approved the 2007 Non-Qualified Company Stock Grant and Option Plan (the “2007 Plan”).   The 2007 Plan is intended to serve as an incentive to and to encourage stock ownership by our  directors, officers, and employees, and certain persons rendering service to us, so that such persons may acquire or increase their proprietary interest in our success, and to encourage them to remain in our service.  Under the 2007, up to 200,000 shares of our common stock may be subject to options.

On January 13, 2010, an option to purchase 50,000 shares was granted under the 2007 Plan to an employee that vests on the 12-month anniversary of the date of grant, conditioned upon continued employment on such date, and have a contractual life of 3 years.  The fair value of the option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model to be $47,527, of which $11,589 and $13,933 was recorded as compensation expense in the three and six months ended April 30, 2010, respectively.  The valuation was based on the assumptions noted in the following table.

Expected volatility			236.5	%
Expected dividends			0	%
Expected term (in years)	3 years
Risk-free rate			1.5	%

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect for the expected term of the option at the time of grant.  The dividend yield on our common stock is assumed to be zero since we do not pay dividends and have no current plans to pay them in the future.  The market price volatility of our common stock was based on historical volatility since January 13, 2009.  Our methodology is consistent with prior period volatility assumptions.  The expected life of the options is based upon our anticipated expectations of exercise behavior since no options have been exercised in the past to provide relevant historical data.

A summary of option activity under the Company’s option  plan as of April 30, 2010 and movement during the six months then ended are as follow:

		Options				Weighted average exercise price				Aggregate intrinsic value			Weighted average remaining contractual term
						US$				US$
Outstanding at November 1, 2009			-				-				-		-
Granted			120,000				1.92				-		-
Exercised			-				-				-		-
Forfeited or expired			-				-				-		-
Outstanding at April 30, 2010			120,000				1.92				94,100		2.85

 

A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested options as of April 30, 2010 and movements during the six months then ended are as follow:

		Options			Weighted average granted date fair value
					US$
Non-vested at November 1, 2009			-		-
Granted			120,000		1.91
Vested			-		-
Forfeited or expired			-		-
Non-vested at April 30, 2010			120,000		1.91

As of April 30, 2010, there was $202,330 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation granted under the Company’s option plan.  The cost is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.96 years.

(3)  Warrants

As of April 30, 2010, the Company has 1,231,428 warrants outstanding at an average exercise price of $1.25 per warrant for one share each of the Company’s common stock. The warrants expire in 2012 and 2013.

		Warrants				Average exercise price
						US$
Outstanding warrants at November 1, 2009			1,071,428				0.88
Warrants granted			160,000				2.00
Exercised			-				-
Expired/cancelled			-				-
Outstanding warrants at April 30, 2010			1,231,428				1.25

Information regarding the warrants outstanding at April 30, 2010 is summarized as below:

		Warrants outstanding at
		April 30, 2010
				Weighted		Weighted
				Average		Average
				Remaining		Exercise
Exercise Prices		Warrants		Contractual		Price
US$		Outstanding		Life (years)		US$
0.88		1,071,428
2.00		160,000
		1,231,428		2.16		1.02

16.           STATUTORY RESERVES

The reserve funds as of April 30, 2010 and October 31, 2009 were comprised of the following:

 

		2010				2009
		US$				US$
Statutory surplus reserve			3,090,320				3,090,320
Public welfare fund			282,377				282,377
Total			3,372,697				3,372,697

 

 (1) Statutory reserves

Pursuant to the relevant laws and regulations of the PRC, the Company is required to annually transfer 10% of its after tax profit as reported on financial statements prepared under the accounting principles of the PRC to a statutory surplus reserve fund until the balance reaches 50% of the registered share capital.  This reserve can be used to make up any losses incurred or to increase share capital.  Except for reducing losses incurred, any other application may not result in this reserve balance falling below 25% of the registered capital.

(2) Public welfare funds

Prior to January 1, 2007, the Company was required each year to transfer 5% of its after tax profit as reported on consolidated financial statements prepared under the accounting principles of the PRC to the public welfare funds.  This reserve was restricted to capital expenditure for employees’ collective welfare facilities that are owned by the Company.  The public welfare funds are not available for distribution to the stockholders (except in liquidation).  Once capital expenditures for staff welfare facilities have been made, an equivalent amount must be transferred from the public welfare funds to the discretionary common reserve funds.  Due to a change in PRC law, appropriation of profit to the public welfare funds is no longer required. 

17.           COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company has various purchase commitments for materials, supplies and services incident to the ordinary conduct of business, generally for quantities required for the Company’s business and at prevailing market prices. No material annual loss is expected from these commitments and there are no minimum purchase commitments.

The Company and its subsidiaries are self-insured, and they do not carry any property insurance, general liability insurance, or any other insurance that covers the risks of their business operations. As a result any material loss or damage to its properties or other assets, or personal injuries arising from its business operations would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and operations.

The Company is not involved in any legal matters arising in the normal course of business. While incapable of estimation, in the opinion of the management, the individual regulatory and legal matters in which it might involve in the future are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

(1)  Operating lease arrangements

The Company leases office premise from a third party, Heilongjiang Jiusanyouzhi Co., Ltd.  The lease is from May 1, 2007 to April 30, 2010, with monthly rental payment of $10,484.

The Company also leases property and plant from a related party, Harbin Renhuang Pharmaceutical Stock Co. Ltd.  The lease is from April 30, 2009 to May 1, 2010, with monthly rental payment of $51,204.

As of April 30, 2010, there is no minimum lease payment in future years.

During the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company incurred rental expenses in the amount of $180,676 and $153,659, respectively.

During the six months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company incurred rental expenses in the amount of $366,189 and $374,416, respectively.

(2)  Capital commitments

As of April 30, 2010, the Company has capital commitments for purchase of land use right, property and equipment, office floors and production patents of approximately $11,338,743.

 

18.           SUBSEQUENT EVENT

In May 2009, the FASB issued accounting guidance now codified as FASB ASC Topic 855, “Subsequent Events,” which establishes general standards of accounting for, and disclosures of, events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued.  FASB ASC Topic 855 is effective for interim or fiscal periods ending after June 15, 2009.

Management has evaluated subsequent events from April 30, 2010 to June 7, 2010, the date which the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been issued and were available to be issued, and has concluded no events need to be reported during this period.  Subsequent events that may occur after June 7, 2010 have not been evaluated in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of April 30, 2010.

  

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